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At least 1,261 records · Page 70Linked to original sources
USGS2008

Consumptive Water Use in the Great Lakes Basin

Great Lakes state agencies and organizations view understanding consumptive water use as a critical component in water-resource management. To assist them in developing a better understanding of the factors involved in consumptive use, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has completed an inventory of consumptive-use coefficients for the Great Lakes Basin. This fact sheet highlights findings and data from a comprehensive report resulting from that inventory. This fact sheet includes information on water-use categories used to compile and organize consumptive-use coefficients, summary statistics for consumptive-use coefficients by category, and estimated water withdrawals and consumptive-use amounts for the Great Lakes States for 2000.

Fact Sheet↗
USGS1997

Precipitation-chemistry data at selected sites in northwestern Colorado, 1980-94

The chemical content of precipitation was monitored during the period 1980-94 at three sites at altitudes above 2,400 meters near the Piceance Basin in northwestern Colorado. Daily precipitation volumes, specific conductance, pH (in this report pH is expressed as hydrogen-ion concentration), concentrations of major cations and anions, calculated charge balance between cations and anions, and summary statistics of chemical concentrations are tabulated. Sampling sites are plotted on a map of the area. Seasonal variabilities of major cation and anion concentrations are presented graphically.

Open-File Report↗
USGS2015

Critical loads of atmospheric deposition to Adirondack lake watersheds: A guide for policymakers

Acid deposition is sometimes referred to as “acid rain,” although part of the acid load reaches the surface by means other than rainfall. In the eastern U.S., acid deposition consists of several forms of sulfur and nitrogen that largely originate as emissions to the atmosphere from sources such as electricity-generating facilities (coal, oil, and natural gas), diesel- and gasoline-burning vehicles, some agricultural activities, and smokestack industries. Acid deposition is known to cause deleterious effects to sensitive ecosystems of which the Adirondack region of New York State provides several well-known and well-studied examples. This largely forested region includes abundant lakes, streams, and wetlands and possesses several landscape features that result in high ecosystem sensitivity to acid deposition. These features include bedrock that weathers slowly, steep slopes, and thin, naturally acidic soils. An ecosystem is described as sensitive to, or affected by, acid deposition if prolonged exposure to acid deposition has resulted in detrimental ecosystem effects. Soils, streams, and lakes that are less sensitive are better able to buffer acid deposition. A principal reason that acidification is a concern for resource managers is because of the changes induced in native biota and their habitat on land and in water. As the chemistry of soils and surface waters in sensitive landscapes changes in response to prolonged exposure to acid deposition, organisms that cannot tolerate high acidity, such as sugar maple trees and many species of fish and aquatic insects, may be gradually eliminated from the ecosystem. Other biota such as red spruce may experience increased stress and reduced growth rates as a result of acidification, exposing these species to increased susceptibility to disease and other natural stressors and perhaps increased mortality. The ecological effects of acid deposition have been documented by extensive research that began in the U.S. in the 1970s and continues today. This report does not provide a detailed discussion of these ecological effects, but interested readers can refer to four publications that provide good summaries of current scientific knowledge of these effects, including extensive reference to previous research in the Adirondacks (Driscoll et al. 2001, Jenkins et al. 2007, Burns et al. 2011, Sullivan 2015).

New York↗
USGS1981

Water-quality data for the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system, Trenton to Pennsville, New Jersey, 1980

Samples for chemical analysis were collected from June to December 1980 from 262 wells tapping the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system. The samples were analyzed for common ions, dissolved metals, nutrients, dissolved organic carbon, volatile organic compounds, pH, temperature, and specific conductance. This report contains the results of the analyses, well construction data for the wells sampled, and simple statistical summaries for each parameter. Most parameters showed wide variations in concentration. Concentrations of dissolved organic carbon ranged from 0 to 108 mg/L (milligrams per liter), with a median of 1.7 mg/L. Chloride concentration ranged from 0.8 to 810 mg/L, with a median of 15 mg/L. Iron concentration ranged from 3 micrograms per liter to 79,000 micrograms per liter, with a median of 1,400 micrograms per liter. Detectable concentrations of volatile organic compounds were found in 46 wells, approximately 19 percent of the 246 wells sampled for such compounds. Trichloroethylene and benzene, the most common compounds, were detected in 24 and 18 wells, respectively. The maximum concentrations of several compounds detected include: benzene, 1,960 micrograms per liter; 1,1-dichloroethylene, 670 micrograms per liter; trichloroethylene, 472 micrograms per liter; and tetrachloroethylene, 335 micrograms per liter.

New Jersey↗
USGS2013

Seafloor video footage and still-frame grabs from U.S. Geological Survey cruises in Hawaiian nearshore waters

Underwater video footage was collected in nearshore waters (<60-meter depth) off the Hawaiian Islands from 2002 to 2011 as part of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Coastal and Marine Geology Program's Pacific Coral Reef Project, to improve seafloor characterization and for the development and ground-truthing of benthic-habitat maps. This report includes nearly 53 hours of digital underwater video footage collected during four USGS cruises and more than 10,200 still images extracted from the videos, including still frames from every 10 seconds along transect lines, and still frames showing both an overview and a near-bottom view from fixed stations. Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) shapefiles of individual video and still-image locations, and Google Earth kml files with explanatory text and links to the video and still images, are included. This report documents the various camera systems and methods used to collect the videos, and the techniques and software used to convert the analog video tapes into digital data in order to process the images for optimum viewing and to extract the still images, along with a brief summary of each survey cruise.

Hawai'i↗
USGS1995

Statistical summaries of surface-water hydrologic data collected in the Suwannee River Water Management District, Florida, 1906-93

Since 1906, hydrologic data have been collected systematically on streams and lakes in the Suwannee River Water Management District (SRWMD) by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the SRWMD, and other agencies. Records of stream discharge and stream and lake stage in the SRWMD (fig. 1), collected largely in cooperation with the SRWMD since 1975, have been published for many years in the USGS annual report series "Water Resources Data for Florida." Streamflow and stream and lake elevation statistics are given in this report for sites shown in figure 1. All 27 daily streamflow stations shown are (or were) operated by the USGS in cooperation with the SRWMD; all 18 lake stage stations shown are now (1994) operated by the SRWMD, but were operated until the late 1970’s by the USGS in cooperation with the SRWMD. All unregulated stream stations which have three or more years of continuous record are included in this report. All unregulated lake stations having at least three years of intermittent lake elevation readings are also included. There are many other sites in the SRWMD for which shorter records or miscellaneous measurements are available but are not included because statistical summaries for such stations require interpretive analysis beyond the scope of this report. Basic hydrologic data have long been recognized as fundamental to the analysis of magnitude and frequency of floods, availability of water supplies, potential for reservoir storage, and permitting of waste discharges. Also, in recent times, scientists and water managers have become more aware of the complex relations between flows and water levels and the terrestrial and aquatic plant and animal life in wetland ecosystems. In 1994, the SRWMD and the USGS began a long-term program of cooperative studies designed to better understand minimum and maximum flow and water levels needed to manage the surface and ground water resources of the District and maintain or improve the various ecosystems therein. Information presented in this report, together with frequency analysis of station data, flow regionalization, studies of the relation of salinity to flow in the lower Suwannee River, definition of ground-water surface-water interactions, surface- and ground-water quality studies, and studies of interaction between surface-water bodies and wetlands, will provide the basis for the SRWMD to establish minimum flow and level requirements for streams and lakes in the SRWMD area. This report is a necessary first step in the longterm program of study because it contains basic stream discharge and stream and lake elevation statistics, most of which are not contained in the annual report "Water Resources Data for Florida." These statistics, most of which were generated using a U.S. Geological Survey computer program, ADAPS, Automatic Data Processing System, characterize normal flows and levels and departures from normal due to floods and droughts or seasonal climatic variations. Specifically, the report presents for the period of record of each stream or lake gaging station, as appropriate: Minimum, maximum, and mean of monthly mean stream elevations and discharges in graphical and tabular form. For streams, annual mean discharge, highest and lowest annual mean discharge, highest and lowest daily mean discharge, minimum annual seven-day mean discharge, instantaneous peak discharge and elevation, instantaneous minimum discharge, and basin yield. Duration of annual daily mean stream elevation and discharge. Duration of daily values are shown in both graphical and tabular form. Duration of daily mean stream elevations and discharge, by months, in tables. Minimum and maximum 1-,3-,7-,14-,30-, 60-, 90-,120-, and 183-consecutive day stream elevations and discharges (with rankings) for each year of record. Mean monthly lake elevations and statistics by month, including number of monthly values, mean, variance, standard deviation, skewness, and coefficient of variation. For convenience, a GLOSSARY of commonly used terms related to the collection and reporting of surface-water elevations and discharge is included before the Introduction section of this report. The authors wish to acknowledge Natalie Rackley, formerly of the U.S. Geological Survey, and T.W. Grubbs, U.S. Geological Survey, for their computer assistance in the compilation of station records, and Jim Tomberlin, U.S. Geological Survey, for the mapping of stream and lake gaging stations.

Florida↗
USGS2007

Stream-water quality during storm-runoff events and low-flow periods in the St. Clair River/Lake St. Clair Basin, Michigan

This report, a product of the Lake St. Clair Regional Monitoring Project, describes four water-quality studies in the St. Clair River/Lake St. Clair Basin from the early 1970's through 2005. All the studies examined water quality of streams in the basin; the most recent studies focused primarily on water quality during high- and low-streamflows. This report explains how storm-runoff and low-flow periods affect water quality in the basin. Included is a summary of stream-water quality findings from the National Stream Quality Accounting Network (1973-95); the National Water-Quality Assessment (1996-98); the Oakland County Land-Use Change study (2001-03); and the Lake St. Clair Regional Monitoring Project (2004-05).

Michigan↗
USGS2014

Activity Of Paricutin Volcano From August 1, 1948 to June 30, 1949

The present brief summary of activity at Paricutin Volcano, State of Michoacán, Mexico, follows the pattern of the last report on this volcano published in these Transactions late in 1948 [Wilcox and Gutierrez, 1948]. Anticipating the end of his two‐year period of observation at Parícutin in December 1948, Wilcox instructed the junior author, a native Tarascan from the town of San Juan Parangaricutiro, now destroyed, in the processes of keeping detailed diagrammatic records of eruptive activity, of making weather observations, and of outlining the monthly advance of the new lava. On Wilcox's departure the senior author, who had closely followed the series of studies at Paricutin and had frequently visited the Volcano from June 1943 onward, took up the task‐of watching over Paricutin and preparing reports on its activity. During the first six months of 1949 he spent 11 days at the Volcano on the following dates: January 25–28, March 29–April 1, and May 18–20. On these visits he checked the elevations of the chief points on the rim of tie cone, using an alidade at known stations, and in addition followed the growth of the lava‐vent mound, variations in the form of the interior of the crater, and any other features that showed change. Further, he discussed with the junior author, the Volcano's activity during the periods between visits and assembled the observational data for formal presentation.

Michoacan↗