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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
USGS1977

Potassium-argon geochronology of some metamorphic, igneous, and hydrothermal events in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands

Potassium-argon ages of hornblende, biotite, and whole rocks in Puerto Rico include the following: 126 m.y. for amphibolites in the southwest part of the island; 109 m.y. for the oldest known quartz diorite plutons; 88 to 65 m.y. for emplacement of various quartz diorite and granodiorite batholiths and stocks; 38 to 46 m.y. for intrusions of quartz diorite porphyry stocks and their hydrothermal alteration and mineralization. These intrusions are the youngest known igneous rocks in Puerto Rico. In addition, a 35-m.y. age was determined for hornblende and biotite from the Virgin Gorda batholith. Although widespread hydrothermal alteration as old as 75 m.y. is known in Puerto Rico, all important copper deposits are related to the 38- to 46-m.y. old intrusions.

Puerto Rico↗
USGS1991

Mid-Paleozoic age of granitoids in enclaves within early Cretaceous granulites, Fiordland, southwest New Zealand

Orthogneisses of granite, quartz monzonite, monzonite, and tonalite, occur locally as isolated enclaves within the Early Cretaceous granulite terrain (Western Fiordland Orthogneiss - WFO). Discordant U-Pb zircon isotopic data (seven fractions) from four granitoid samples from enclaves at George Sound, define an upper intecept age of 341??34 Ma that is interpreted as approximating the time of formation of the granitoid suite. The lower intercept age of 93??37 Ma is interpreted as approximating the time of zircon isotopic disturbance by major episodic Pb loss. The low 87Sr/ 86Sr initial ratio indicates that these mid-Paleozoic granitoids were derived from an isotopically primitive source. The granitoid enclaves within WFO show influences of several different sources. The granitoids provide evidence linking WFO to a mid-Palaeozoic country rock similar to the central Fiordland metasediments. -from Authors

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics↗
USGS2000

Characteristic length scale of input data in distributed models: implications for modeling grain size

The appropriate spatial scale for a distributed energy balance model was investigated by: (a) determining the scale of variability associated with the remotely sensed and GIS-generated model input data; and (b) examining the effects of input data spatial aggregation on model response. The semi-variogram and the characteristic length calculated from the spatial autocorrelation were used to determine the scale of variability of the remotely sensed and GIS-generated model input data. The data were collected from two hillsides at Upper Sheep Creek, a sub-basin of the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed, in southwest Idaho. The data were analyzed in terms of the semivariance and the integral of the autocorrelation. The minimum characteristic length associated with the variability of the data used in the analysis was 15 m. Simulated and observed radiometric surface temperature fields at different spatial resolutions were compared. The correlation between agreement simulated and observed fields sharply declined after a 10×10 m 2 modeling grid size. A modeling grid size of about 10×10 m 2 was deemed to be the best compromise to achieve: (a) reduction of computation time and the size of the support data; and (b) a reproduction of the observed radiometric surface temperature.

Idaho↗
USGS1990

Subsidence and volcanism of the Haleakala Ridge, Hawaii

Side-looking sonar (GLORIA) mapping has revealed a series of four arcuate bands of high sonic backscatter on the crest of the Haleakala Ridge, a major rift-zone ridge extending 135 km east of the island of Maui. Dredge recovery indicates that the shallowest of these bands is a drowned coral reef, and the deeper bands are also inferred to be coral reefs. The reefs occur above a prominent submarine bench 1500–2500 m deep on the ridge (H-terrace) that marks the shoreline at the end of vigorous shield building of Haleakala volcano when lava flows ceased crossing and reworking the shoreline. Since their growth these reefs have subsided as much as 2200 m and have tilted systematically about 20 m/km southward as a result of post-reef volcanic loading on the island of Hawaii, whose center of mass is about directly south of the Haleakala Ridge. The 234 U/ 238 U age of the dredged coral is 750 ± 13 ka "> 750 ± 13ka , in reasonable agreement with an age of 850 ka for the underlying H terrace previously estimated from its relationship to other dated reefs to the southwest. Basalt glass fragments dredged from the Haleakala Ridge below the H terrace are tholeiitic and contain high sulfur indicative of eruption in water deeper than 200 m. Basalt glass fragments associated with the reefs above the H terrace are dominantly tholeiitic and contain intermediate sulfur contents, indicative of subaqueous eruption in shallow, near-shore conditions. One alkalic glass fragment was recovered above the H terrace. These relations indicate that the morphologic end of shield building as recorded by construction of the H terrace was not accompanyed by a change from tholeiitic to alkalic basalt; instead tholeiite eruptions continued for some time before the erupted lava became alkalic.

Hawaii↗
USGS2012

Morphology and growth history of Delgada Fan: Implications for the Neogene evolution of Point Arena Basin and the Mendocino Triple Junction

Long-range side scan (GLORIA) sonographs and seismic reflection data acquired during a survey of the western U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone in 1984, coupled with information from Deep Sea Drilling Project sites, provide new insights into the growth and evolution of the Delgada Fan. Construction of the fan commenced in the latest Miocene (∼6 Ma) following the filling of the Neogene Point Arena Basin. The fan presently covers more than 50×10 3 km 2 of the Pacific plate and contains approximately 15×10 3 km 3 of predominantly terrigenous detritus. The large size of the fan is incompatible with the small present-day supply of sediment to the canyon system. The GLORIA data show the Delgada Fan to be a hybrid-type fan, exhibiting characteristics of both elongate and radial fans. The morphology and volume of the fan, along with evidence for a decline in accumulation rates on the lower fan during the Quaternary period, suggest that the fan experienced an early growth phase (latest Miocene and Pliocene) characterized by relatively rapid progradation of elongate fan lobes followed by a period (Quaternary) of slower growth that has featured a shift of depocenters to sites closer to the canyons and a transition to distributary channels bordered by less prominent levees and overbank deposits. We examine the growth of Delgada Fan in relation to the Neogene evolution of the North American-Pacific plate boundary using a series of paleogeographic reconstructions based on recently published time displacement histories of the Mendocino triple junction (MTJ), the San Andreas fault (SAF), and the Pacific plate, upon which the fan rests. The time displacement curves for the SAF and the MTJ suggest that the MTJ and Mendocino Fracture Zone overtook and passed Point Arena Basin at about 10 Ma when the basin lay immediately southwest of the present San Francisco Bay area. We suggest that the MTJ joined the SAF at approximately that time and location, thus making the SAF the master fault in the transform system. This interpretation is compatible with evidence from seismic reflection profiles over the fan, which demonstrate that the fan and the canyon system and therefore Point Arena Basin have moved as a unit since the inception of fan growth (∼6–7 Ma). Point Arena Basin lay southwest of the San Francisco area at 10–12 Ma, and the passage of the MTJ caused the disruption of the forearc shelf and slope and the development of local uplifted and subsiding blocks. In particular, uplift of the “bay block” immediately east of the SAF may have provided the source area for the late Miocene sediments that filled Point Arena Basin and set the stage for the growth of Delgada Canyon and Fan system. The growth rate of the fan has decreased, and the style of deposition has changed as the system was tectonically transported to its present location adjacent to the small youthful drainages of the King Range.

Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth↗
USGS2018

Efficiency of sampling sunfishes using snorkeling in clear, warmwater streams of the south-central United States

The continued evaluation of fish-sampling gears and methods is essential to identify their applicability across environmental conditions and among species. Although limited by visibility, snorkeling has potential advantages relative to other fish-sampling gears in wadeable streams (e.g., minimally intrusive, cost effective, and appropriate in deeper areas). Clear water is common to warm-water streams; however, the use of snorkeling for monitoring stream-fish populations has largely focused on cold-water systems. To assess relative snorkeling efficiency in warm-water streams, we compared standardized single-pass snorkel counts to tow-barge electrofishing abundance estimates for six sunfishes (Centrarchidae) in the Ozark Highlands ecoregion of northwest Oklahoma and southwest Missouri under relatively similar environmental conditions (i.e., clear water, cobble substrates, low-flow conditions). Snorkeling efficiency was variable among sunfishes and consistently low for species with cryptic traits and habitat use. We also did not detect cryptic sunfishes (i.e., a single individual was not encountered) using snorkeling at multiple stream reaches where estimated abundance was > 50 within a 0.5- to 1.0-km stream reach. Our findings indicate that snorkeling has applications for monitoring sunfish populations and assemblages when using an abundance estimator or accounting for imperfect detection; however, it is inappropriate for estimating population size of cryptic sunfishes. We encourage continued research into the applicability of snorkeling to estimate warm-water stream fish abundance.

Missouri, Oklahoma↗
USGS1994

Evaluation of tire reefs for enhancing aquatic communities in concrete-lined canals

Large earthen canals in the arid southwest are being lined with concrete to reduce seepage and conserve limited water supplies. Lining reduces habitat and increases operational velocities (relative to unaltered streams), which are detrimental to aquatic communities. Fish communities that become reestablished in these waterways exhibit lower species diversity, densities, and biomass than they did in the former earthen canals. Placement of low-profile tire reefs in the Coachella Canal, California, and the Hayden-Rhodes Aqueduct, Arizona, reversed these trends. Comparative sampling revealed that invertebrate and fish densities were 3 and 20 times higher, respectively, in reef areas than in typical canal sections without reefs. Tire reefs are recommended as an effective means of enhancing aquatic communities in concrete canals.

North American Journal of Fisheries Management↗
USGS1977

Gravitational spreading of steep-sided ridges ("sackung") in Colorado

Large-scale gravitational spreading and fracturing of steep-sided ridges in the mountainous area of Colorado are characterized by horizontal linear fissures, trenches, and uphill-facing scarps on tops and sides of ridges. A pronounced north-trending cleft and several minor scarps have split a ridge extending northward from Dolores Peak in the San Miguel Mountains of southwestern Colorado. This ridge is capped by granogabbro of a Tertiary laccolith that intruded the Cretaceous Mancos Shale. Numerous active landslides in shale mantle the once glaciated lower slopes. Trenches in the granogabbro probably originated after glacial ice melted, leaving steep sides of the ridge unsupported. The soft Mancos shale moved outward toward the direction of least stress, placing the overlying granogabbro under tension. A ridge that extends southwest from Bald Eagle Mountain, north of Mount Massive in central Colorado, is marked by a graben on the top and several trenches on the northwest side, parallel to the long axis of the ridge. Rock exposed in graben and trenches is the Precambrian St. Kevin Granite, which includes some schist and migmatite. Gravitational movement probably took place after steepening of the valley sides by glacial erosion and melting of the glaciers. Movement followed preexisting discontinuities in the rock. A survey course approximately 2.4 km (1.5 mi) long has been placed across .the fractured ridge. It will be monitored periodically to determine whether movement is continuing, and if so, at what rate.

Colorado↗
USGS1999

Precipitation structure in the Sierra Nevada of California during winter

Influences of upper air characteristics along the coast of California upon winter-time (November-April) precipitation in the Sierra Nevada are investigated. Precipitation events in the Sierra Nevada region occur mostly during wintertime, irrespective of station location (leeside or windside) and elevation. Most precipitation episodes in the region are associated with moist southwesterly winds (coming from the southwest direction) and also tend to occur when the 700-mbar temperature at the upwind direction is close to −2°C. This favored wind direction and temperature signify the importance of both moisture transport and orographic lifting in augmenting precipitation in the region. By utilizing the observed dependency of the precipitation upon the upper air conditions, a linear model is formulated to quantify the precipitation observed at different sites as a function of moisture transport. The skill of the model increases with timescale of aggregation, reaching more than 50% variance explained at an aggregation period of 5–7 days. This indicates that upstream air moisture transport can be used to estimate the precipitation totals in the Sierra Nevada region.

Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres↗
USGS2018

Remote sensing analysis of vegetation at the San Carlos Apache Reservation, Arizona and surrounding area

Mapping of vegetation types is of great importance to the San Carlos Apache Tribe and their management of forestry and fire fuels. Various remote sensing techniques were applied to classify multitemporal Landsat 8 satellite data, vegetation index, and digital elevation model data. A multitiered unsupervised classification generated over 900 classes that were then recoded to one of the 16 generalized vegetation/land cover classes using the Southwest Regional Gap Analysis Project (SWReGAP) map as a guide. A supervised classification was also run using field data collected in the SWReGAP project and our field campaign. Field data were gathered and accuracy assessments were generated to compare outputs. Our hypothesis was that a resulting map would update and potentially improve upon the vegetation/land cover class distributions of the older SWReGAP map over the 24,000 km 2 study area. The estimated overall accuracies ranged between 43% and 75%, depending on which method and field dataset were used. The findings demonstrate the complexity of vegetation mapping, the importance of recent, high-quality-field data, and the potential for misleading results when insufficient field data are collected.

Arizona↗
USGS2001

Annual movements of a steppe eagle (Aquila nipalensis) summering in Mongolia and wintering in Tibet

An adult female steppe eagle (Aquila nipalensis Hodgson) was captured and fitted with a satellite transmitter in June 1995 in southeastern Mongolia. In fall, it traveled southwest towards India as expected, but stopped in southeastern Tibet and wintered in a restricted zone within the breeding range of the steppe eagle. In spring, the bird returned to the same area of Mongolia where it was captured. These observations, though derived from the movements of a single bird, suggest three things that are contrary to what is generally believed about steppe eagle biology. First, not all steppe eagles move to warmer climes in winter. Second, not all steppe eagles are nomadic in winter. Finally, because our bird wintered at the periphery of the steppe eagle breeding range in Tibet, perhaps birds that breed in this same area also winter there. If so, not all steppe eagles are migratory.

Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society↗
USGS2004

Geophysical modeling of the northern Appalachian Brompton-Cameron, Central Maine, and Avalon terranes under the New Jersey Coastal Plain

A regional terrane map of the New Jersey Coastal Plain basement was constructed using seismic, drilling, gravity and magnetic data. The Brompton-Cameron and Central Maine terranes were coalesced as one volcanic island arc terrane before obducting onto Laurentian, Grenville age, continental crust in the Taconian orogeny [Rankin, D.W., 1994. Continental margin of the eastern United States: past and present. In: Speed, R.C., (Ed.), Phanerozoic Evolution of North American Continent-Ocean Transitions. DNAG Continent-Ocean Transect Volume. Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colorado, pp. 129-218]. Volcanic island-arc rocks of the Avalon terrane are in contact with Central Maine terrane rocks in southern Connecticut where the latter are overthrust onto the Brompton-Cameron terrane, which is thrust over Laurentian basement. Similarities of these allochthonous island arc terranes (Brompton-Cameron, Central Maine, Avalon) in lithology, fauna and age suggest that they are faulted segments of the margin of one major late Precambrian to early Paleozoic, high latitude peri-Gondwana island arc designated as "Avalonia", which collided with Laurentia in the early to middle Paleozoic. The Brompton Cameron, Central Maine, and Avalon terranes are projected as the basement under the eastern New Jersey Coastal Plain based on drill core samples of metamorphic rocks of active margin/magmatic arc origin. A seismic reflection profile across the New York Bight traces the gentle dipping (approximately 20 degrees) Cameron's Line Taconian suture southeast beneath allochthonous Avalon and other terranes to a 4 sec TWTT depth (approximately 9 km) where the Avalonian rocks are over Laurentian crust. Gentle up-plunge (approximately 5 degrees) projections to the southwest bring the Laurentian Grenville age basement and the drift-stage early Paleozoic cover rocks to windows in Burlington Co. at approximately 1 km depth and Cape May Co. at approximately 2 km depths. The antiformal Shellburne Falls and Chester domes and Chain Lakes-Pelham dome-Bronson Hill structural trends, and the synformal Connecticut Valley-Gaspe structural trend can be traced southwest into the New Jersey Coastal Plain basement. A Mesozoic rift basin, the "Sandy Hook basin", and associated eastern boundary fault is identified, based upon gravity modeling, in the vicinity of Sandy Hook, New Jersey. The thickness of the rift-basin sedimentary rocks contained within the "Sandy Hook basin" is approximately 4.7 km, with the basin extending offshore to the east of the New Jersey coast. Gravity modeling indicates a deep rift basin and the magnetic data indicates a shallow magnetic basement caused by magnetic diabase sills and/or basalt flows contained within the rift-basin sedimentary rocks. The igneous sills and/or flows may be the eastward continuation of the Watchung and Palisades bodies. ?? 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Journal of Geodynamics↗
USGS1991

Zoned garnets in metapelites in western Fiordland, southwest New Zealand: polychronic crystallisation and insight into the nature and extent of early Cretaceous regional metamorphism

Two distinct types of compositional zoning are recognised in idioblastic to subidioblastic garnets in amphibolite facies metapelites in western Fiordland. One type occurs in kyanite (?? sillimanite)-bearing rocks and is characterised by a core to rim increase in CaO content, and a sympathetic decrease in FeO and MgO, with MnO remaining essentially constant, or decreasing slightly near the rim. This zoning pattern formed during garnet growth, and records adjustment of mineral equilibria under conditions of increasing load pressure. A much less common type of zoned garnet occurs in sillimanite + K-feldspar-bearing metapelites and is characterised by a core to rim decrease in CaO and MgO contents and a sympathetic increase in FeO and MnO near the rim. This zoning pattern is interpreted to result from post-growth volume diffusion, and records metamorphism at significantly lower pressures. -from Author

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics↗
USGS2003

The role of microbial reductive dechlorination of TCE at a phytoremediation site

In April 1996, a phytoremediation field demonstration site at the Naval Air Station, Fort Worth, Texas, was developed to remediate shallow oxic ground water (<3.7 m deep) contaminated with chlorinated ethenes. Microbial populations were sampled in February and June 1998. The populations under the newly planted cottonwood trees had not yet matured to an anaerobic community that could dechlorinate trichloroethene (TCE) to cis -1,2-dichloroethene (DCE); however, the microbial population under a mature (∼22-year-old) cottonwood tree about 30 m southwest of the plantings had a mature anaerobic population capable of dechlorinating TCE to DCE, and DCE to vinyl chloride (VC). Oxygen-free sediment incubations with contaminated groundwater also demonstrated that resident microorganisms were capable of the dechlorination of TCE to DCE. This suggests that a sufficient amount of organic material is present for microbial dechlorination in aquifer microniches where dissolved O 2 concentrations are low. Phenol, benzoic acid, acetic acid, and a cyclic hydrocarbon, compounds consistent with the degradation of root exudates and complex aromatic compounds, were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in sediment samples under the mature cottonwood tree. Elsewhere at the site, transpiration and degradation by the cottonwood trees appears to be responsible for loss of chlorinated ethenes.

Texas↗
USGS2001

Breeding bird response to juniper woodland expansion

In recent times, pinyon ( Pinus spp. )-juniper ( Juniperus spp. ) woodlands have expanded into large portions of the Southwest historically occupied by grassland vegetation. From 1997-1998, we studied responses of breeding birds to one-seed juniper ( J. monosperma ) woodland expansion at 2 grassland study areas in northern Arizona. We sampled breeding birds in 3 successional stages along a grassland-woodland gradient: un-invaded grassland, grassland undergoing early stages of juniper establishment, and developing woodland. Species composition varied greatly among successional stages and was most different between endpoints of the gradient. Ground-nesting grassland species predominated in uninvaded grassland but declined dramatically as tree density increased. Tree- and cavity-nesting species increased with tree density and were most abundant in developing woodland. Restoration of juniper-invaded grasslands will benefit grassland-obligate birds and other wildlife.

Journal of Range Management↗
USGS2023

Elucidating the magma plumbing system of Ol Doinyo Lengai (Natron Rift, Tanzania) Using satellite geodesy and numerical modeling

Ol Doinyo Lengai, located in the southern Eastern Branch of the East African Rift had several eruptive episodes with ash falls and lava flows (VEI 3) that caused damage to the nearby communities between 2007 and 2010. The volcano is remote and access is difficult. Although this volcano has been studied for decades, its plumbing system is still poorly understood, in part, because of the lack of precise observations of surface deformation during periods of quiet and unrest. This study investigates the volcanic plumbing system of Ol Doinyo Lengai and its surroundings using data from the network of permanent Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) sites monitoring the volcano (the TZVOLCANO network) around the flanks of the volcano and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) observations. We constrain surface motions using 6 GNSS sites distributed around Ol Doinyo Lengai, operating between 2016 and 2021, and InSAR data covering nearly the same time period. Because of the complex local tectonics, the interpretation of the deformation pattern is not straightforward. We first invert the GNSS deformation and InSAR observations independently to infer potential deformation sources. Then we perform a joint inversion of both GNSS and InSAR datasets to verify our findings. We compare the results from the joint inversion with the results from inverting each dataset independently. The GNSS, InSAR, and joint inversion results point to a deflating source, located east of Ol Doinyo Lengai and southwest of the dormant volcano Gelai at a depth of 3.49 ± 0.03 km (GNSS inversion), 5.2 ± 1.2 km (InSAR inversion) and 3.49 ± 0.06 km (joint inversion) relative to the summit (vent) and with a volume change ∆V of −0.04 ± 0.05 × 10 6 m 3 (GNSS inversion), −0.39 ± 0.29 × 10 6 m 3 (InSAR inversion), and − 0.04 ± 0.01 × 10 6 m 3 (joint inversion). Although this is non-unique modeling of geodetic datasets with small signals, the inversion results suggest that Ol Doinyo Lengai could be fed by an offset multi-reservoir system that includes a shallow magma reservoir (<5 km) east of Ol Doinyo Lengai, possibly connected to a deeper magma reservoir.

Natron Rift, Ol Doinyo Lengai↗
USGS2022

Magnetotelluric investigations of the Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaii

In 2002 and 2003 a collaborative effort was undertaken between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Menlo Park, the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, and Electromagnetic Instruments Inc. to study the Kīlauea volcano in Hawaii using the magnetotelluric (MT) technique. The work was motivated by a desire to improve understanding of the magma reservoirs and conduits within Kīlauea and the East and Southwest Rift zones, which has implications for understanding Kīlauea's plumbing system. An improved understanding of the rift zones has implications in understanding large-scale landslides that are generated in the Hilina Slump, which produce significant impacts on coastal communities. Up to eight stations operated simultaneously, with multiple remote reference sites, and data were processed using multi-station robust processing techniques. In total, data were acquired at 70 sites over the Southwest and East rift zones. Good to excellent quality data were obtained even in the harshest conditions, such as those encountered on the fresh lava flows of the East Rift Zone, where electrical contact resistances are on the order of 100 kΩ. A three-dimensional (3D) MT model study was done to guide interpretation of the observed MT measurements. Synthetic modeling demonstrates that conductive bodies in the upper 3 km can be spatially resolved where MT station sampling is good. Resistivity anomalies in the 3D inversions have a high degree of spatial correlation with previously published seismic velocity anomalies beneath Kīlauea. Melt fractions between 0.096 and 0.117 are calculated for the Kīlauea and Puʻuʻōʻō low resistivity anomalies, respectively.

Hawai'i↗
USGS2021

U.S. Geological Survey science for the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative—2018 annual report

The Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative (WLCI) was established in 2007 as a collaborative interagency partnership to develop and implement science-based conservation actions. During the past 11 years, partners from U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), State and Federal land management agencies, universities, and the public have collaborated to implement a long-term (more than 10 years) science-based program that assesses and enhances the quality and quantity of wildlife habitats in the southwest Wyoming region while facilitating responsible development. The USGS WLCI Science Team completes scientific research and develops tools that inform and support WLCI partner planning, decision making, and on-the-ground management actions. In fiscal year 2018, the USGS initiated 3 new projects and continued efforts on 21 ongoing science and web-development projects. The first new project was initiated to support Secretarial Order 3362 which calls on the USGS to assist Western States in mapping big-game migration corridors and developing new mapping tools. During 2018, the USGS hosted a workshop in Laramie, Wyoming, which included more than 70 State and Federal wildlife experts from Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, and Wyoming. Most of the mapping and migration tool curricula used in the workshop were derived from prior WLCI studies and mapping efforts of big-game migration movement in habitats undergoing large-scale energy development. The second new project was in response for WLCI partners to better understand sedimentation and hydrogeomorphic processes in a cold-desert headwater and the third new project was designed to improve our approach for people to access, manage, and analyze WLCI data and WLCI resource information. The USGS published 18 products (including peer-reviewed journal articles, USGS series publications, and data releases) and provided more than a dozen professional oral and poster presentations at scientific meetings and numerous informal presentations to WLCI partners at meetings and workshops. This report summarizes the objectives and status of each project and highlights the USGS 2018 accomplishments and products.

Wyoming↗