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At least 1,225 records · Page 68Linked to original sources
USGS2018

Mapping wildfire burn severity in the Arctic Tundra from downsampled MODIS data

Wildfires are historically infrequent in the arctic tundra, but are projected to increase with climate warming. Fire effects on tundra ecosystems are poorly understood and difficult to quantify in a remote region where a short growing season severely limits ground data collection. Remote sensing has been widely utilized to characterize wildfire regimes, but primarily from the Landsat sensor, which has limited data acquisition in the Arctic. Here, coarse-resolution remotely sensed data are assessed as a means to quantify wildfire burn severity of the 2007 Anaktuvuk River Fire in Alaska, the largest tundra wildfire ever recorded on Alaska's North Slope. Data from Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and downsampled Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) were processed to spectral indices and correlated to observed metrics of surface, subsurface, and comprehensive burn severity. Spectral indices were strongly correlated to surface severity (maximum R2 = 0.88) and slightly less strongly correlated to substrate severity. Downsampled MODIS data showed a decrease in severity one year post-fire, corroborating rapid vegetation regeneration observed on the burned site. These results indicate that widely-used spectral indices and downsampled coarse-resolution data provide a reasonable supplement to often-limited ground data collection for analysis and long-term monitoring of wildfire effects in arctic ecosystems.

Alaska↗
USGS2014

Survival of adult Red-throated Loons (Gavia stellata) may be linked to marine conditions

Large variations in the summering population size of Red-throated Loons ( Gavia stellata) have occurred in recent decades in Alaska. Little information exists about annual or seasonal survival rates of adult Red-throated Loons. This study used tracking data from satellite transmitters implanted into 33 Red-throated Loons captured on breeding areas in Alaska to estimate annual survival with the sampling effort split between two study periods: 2000–2002 and 2008–2010. Mortality was inferred from transmitted sensor data that indicated body temperature of the Red-throated Loon and voltage of the transmitter's battery. Two definitive mortalities occurred, resulting in an annual survival estimate of 0.920 (SE = 0.054). The fates of two additional Red-throated Loons were ambiguous and, when treated as mortalities, the annual survival estimate was 0.838 (SE = 0.074). All four putative mortalities occurred during the non-breeding season in the early study period. Oceanic conditions, indexed by the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, appeared to differ between the study periods with higher Pacific Decadal Oscillation values associated with the early study period. Given that high values for Pacific Decadal Oscillation were also associated with the large decline of Red-throated Loons observed in Alaska during 1977–1993, this study suggests that survival of adult Red-throated Loons may vary in relation to the state of the marine ecosystem and thus contribute to long-term variation in population trends.

Waterbirds↗
USGS2003

Some observations on colocated and closely spaced strong ground-motion records of the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan, earthquake

The digital accelerograph network installed in Taiwan produced a rich set of records from the 20 September 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan earthquake (Mw 7.6). Teledyne Geotech model A-800 and A-900A* digital accelerographs were colocated at 22 stations that recorded this event. Comparisons of the amplitudes, frequency content, and baseline offsets show that records from several of the A-800 accelerographs are considerably different than those from the colocated A-900A accelerographs. On this basis, and in view of the more thorough predeployment testing of the newer A-900A instruments, we recommend that the records from the A-800 instruments be used with caution in analyses of the mainshock and aftershocks. At the Hualien seismic station two A-900A and one A-800 instruments were colocated, along with a Global Positioning System instrument. Although the records from the two A-900A instruments are much more similar than those from a colocated A-800 instrument, both three-component records contain unpredictable baseline offsets, which produced completely unrealistic ground displacements derived from the accelerations by double integration, as do many of the strong-motion data from this event; the details of the baseline offsets differ considerably on the two three-component records. There are probably numerous sources of the baseline offsets, including sources external to the instruments, such as tilting or rotation of the ground, and sources internal to the instruments, such as electrical or mechanical hysteresis in the sensors. For the two colocated A-900A records at the Hualien seismic station, however, the differences in the baseline offsets suggest that the principal source is some transient disturbance within the instrument. The baseline offsets generally manifest themselves in the acceleration time series as pulses or steps, either singly or in combination. We find a 0.015-Hz low-cut filter can almost completely eliminate the effects of the baseline offsets, but then information regarding the permanent displacements is lost. The causative mechanisms of the baseline offsets are unknown presently. Hence, it is very difficult to recover the permanent displacements from the modern digital records, although for records close to large earthquakes, the signal-to-noise ratio should theoretically be adequate to obtain ground motions with periods of hundreds of seconds. This study reinforces our conclusion from previous studies that the sources of baseline offsets occurring in digital strong-motion records are very complex and often unpredictable, and that, therefore, it is difficult to remove the baseline effects to maximize the information content of the record. The baseline offsets only affect very long period motions (e.g., >20 sec), however, and therefore are of little or no engineering concern.

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America↗
USGS2005

Coal-mining seismicity and ground-shaking hazard: A case study in the Trail Mountain area, Emery County, Utah

We describe a multipart study to quantify the potential ground-shaking hazard to Joes Valley Dam, a 58-m-high earthfill dam, posed by mining-induced seismicity (MIS) from future underground coal mining, which could approach as close as ???1 km to the dam. To characterize future MIS close to the dam, we studied MIS located ???3-7 km from the dam at the Trail Mountain coal mine. A 12-station local seismic network (11 stations above ground, one below, combining eight triaxial accelerometers and varied velocity sensors) was operated in the Trail Mountain area from late 2000 through mid-2001 for the dual purpose of (1) continuously monitoring and locating MIS associated with longwall mining at a depth of 0.5-0.6 km and (2) recording high-quality data to develop ground-motion prediction equations for the shallow MIS. (Ground-motion attenuation relationships and moment-tensor results are reported in companion articles.) Utilizing a data set of 1913 earthquakes (M ??? 2.2), we describe space-time-magnitude distributions of the observed MIS and source-mechanism information. The MIS was highly correlated with mining activity both in space and time. Most of the better-located events have depths constrained within ??0.6 km of mine level. For the preponderance (98%) of the 1913 located events, only dilatational P-wave first motions were observed, consistent with other evidence for implosive or collapse-type mechanisms associated with coal mining in this region. We assess a probable maximum magnitude of M 3.9 (84th percentile of a cumulative distribution) for potential MIS close to Joes Valley Dam based on both the worldwide and regional record of coal-mining-related MIS and the local geology and future mining scenarios.

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America↗
USGS2008

Observation and prediction of dynamic ground strains, tilts, and torsions caused by the Mw 6.0 2004 Parkfield, California, earthquake and aftershocks, derived from UPSAR array observations

The 28 September 2004 Parkfield, California, earthquake (Mw 6.0) and four aftershocks (Mw 4.7-5.1) were recorded on 12 accelerograph stations of the U.S. Geological Survey Parkfield seismic array (UPSAR), an array of three-component accelerographs occupying an area of about 1 km2 located 8.8 km from the San Andreas fault. Peak horizontal acceleration and velocity at UPSAR during the mainshock were 0.45g and 27 cm/sec, respectively. We determined both time-varying and peak values of ground dilatations, shear strains, torsions, tilts, torsion rates, and tilt rates by applying a time-dependent geodetic analysis to the observed array displacement time series. Array-derived dilatations agree fairly well with point measurements made on high sample rate recordings of the Parkfield-area dilatometers (Johnston et al., 2006). Torsion Fourier amplitude spectra agree well with ground velocity spectra, as expected for propagating plane waves. A simple predictive relation, using the predicted peak velocity from the Boore-Atkinson ground-motion prediction relation (Boore and Atkinson, 2007) scaled by a phase velocity of 1 km/sec, predicts observed peak Parkfield and Chi-Chi rotations (Huang, 2003) well. However, rotation rates measured during Mw 5 Ito, Japan, events observed on a gyro sensor (Takeo, 1998) are factors of 5-60 greater than those predicted by our predictive relation. This discrepancy might be caused by a scale dependence in rotation, with rotations measured over a short baseline exceeding those measured over long baselines. An alternative hypothesis is that events having significant non-double-couple mechanisms, like the Ito events, radiate much stronger rotations than double-couple events. If this is true, then rotational observations might provide an important source of new information for monitoring seismicity in volcanic areas.

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America↗
USGS2009

Array deployment to observe rotational and translational ground motions along the Meishan Fault, Taiwan: A progress report

Measurements in the near field of earthquakes in Japan ( Takeo, 1998 ) and in Taiwan ( Huang et al. , 2006 ; Liu et al. , 2009 ) indicate that rotational ground motions are many times larger than expected from the classical elasticity theory. The Central Weather Bureau (CWB) deployed four instrumentation sets on the campus of the National Chung-Cheng University, Chia-yi, Taiwan, in order to study in detail earthquakes in the near field for both seismology and earthquake engineering. Both rotational and translational ground motions are being monitored along the active Meishan fault, where a major earthquake occurred in 1906, more than a century ago. The deployed instruments are: (1) a 32-element seismic array in the free field, (2) a 32-element seismic array in a building, (3) a six-channel unit with a broadband seismometer and an accelerometer, and (4) a six-channel unit with an accelerometer and an external rotational velocity sensor.

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America↗
USGS2011

Inversion of ground-motion data from a seismometer array for rotation using a modification of Jaeger's method

We develop a new way to invert 2D translational waveforms using Jaeger's (1969) formula to derive rotational ground motions about one axis and estimate the errors in them using techniques from statistical multivariate analysis. This procedure can be used to derive rotational ground motions and strains using arrayed translational data, thus providing an efficient way to calibrate the performance of rotational sensors. This approach does not require a priori information about the noise level of the translational data and elastic properties of the media. This new procedure also provides estimates of the standard deviations of the derived rotations and strains. In this study, we validated this code using synthetic translational waveforms from a seismic array. The results after the inversion of the synthetics for rotations were almost identical with the results derived using a well-tested inversion procedure by Spudich and Fletcher (2009). This new 2D procedure can be applied three times to obtain the full, three-component rotations. Additional modifications can be implemented to the code in the future to study different features of the rotational ground motions and strains induced by the passage of seismic waves.

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America↗
USGS2015

A robust calibration technique for acoustic emission systems based on momentum transfer from a ball drop

We describe a technique to estimate the seismic moment of acoustic emissions and other extremely small seismic events. Unlike previous calibration techniques, it does not require modeling of the wave propagation, sensor response, or signal conditioning. Rather, this technique calibrates the recording system as a whole and uses a ball impact as a reference source or empirical Green’s function. To correctly apply this technique, we develop mathematical expressions that link the seismic moment $M_{0}$ of internal seismic sources (i.e., earthquakes and acoustic emissions) to the impulse, or change in momentum $\Delta p $, of externally applied seismic sources (i.e., meteor impacts or, in this case, ball impact). We find that, at low frequencies, moment and impulse are linked by a constant, which we call the force‐moment‐rate scale factor $C_{F\dot{M}} = M_{0}/\Delta p$. This constant is equal to twice the speed of sound in the material from which the seismic sources were generated. Next, we demonstrate the calibration technique on two different experimental rock mechanics facilities. The first example is a saw‐cut cylindrical granite sample that is loaded in a triaxial apparatus at 40 MPa confining pressure. The second example is a 2 m long fault cut in a granite sample and deformed in a large biaxial apparatus at lower stress levels. Using the empirical calibration technique, we are able to determine absolute source parameters including the seismic moment, corner frequency, stress drop, and radiated energy of these magnitude −2.5 to −7 seismic events.

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America↗
USGS2016

An automatic P‐Phase arrival‐time picker

Presented is a new approach for picking P ‐phase arrival time in single‐component acceleration or broadband velocity records without requiring detection interval or threshold settings. The algorithm P PHASE P ICKER transforms the signal into a response domain of a single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) oscillator with viscous damping and then tracks the rate of change of dissipated damping energy to pick P ‐wave phases. The SDOF oscillator has a short natural period and a correspondingly high resonant frequency, which is higher than most frequencies in a seismic wave. It also has a high damping ratio (60% of critical). At this damping level, the frequency response approaches the Butterworth maximally flat magnitude filter, and phase angles are preserved. The relative input energy imparted to the oscillator by the input signal is converted to elastic strain energy and then dissipated by the damping element as damping energy. The damping energy yields a smooth envelope over time; it is zero in the beginning of the signal, zero or near zero before the P ‐phase arrival, and builds up rapidly with the P wave. Because the damping energy function changes considerably at the onset of the P wave, it is used as a metric to track and pick the P ‐phase arrival time. The P PHASE P ICKER detects P ‐phase onset using the histogram method. Its performance is compared with picking techniques using short‐term‐average to long‐term‐average ratio, and a picking method that finds the first P ‐phase arrival time using the Akaike information criterion. A large set of records with various intensities and signal‐to‐noise ratios is used for testing the P PHASE P ICKER , and it is demonstrated that P PHASE P ICKER is able to more accurately pick the onset of genuine signals against the background noise and to correctly distinguish between whether the first arrival is a P wave (emergent or impulsive) or whether the signal is from a faulty sensor.

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America↗
USGS2022

Active‐source interferometry in marine and terrestrial environments: Importance of directionality and stationary phase

We utilize active‐source seismic interferometry with dense seismic arrays both offshore and onland to explore the utility of this method to create virtual sources and reveal body‐wave reflections in these two different environments. We first utilize data from an ocean‐bottom cable (OBC) array in the Gulf of Mexico with equal numbers of sources (160 airgun shots) and receivers (160 ocean‐bottom four‐component sensors). We next use data from a geophone array across the Bighorn Mountains of Wyoming with many receivers (1300 vertical‐component geophones) but a small number of sources (14 borehole active‐source shots). We find that the OBC virtual source results, which produce strong reflections from sub‐seafloor structures, are far superior to the onland results which lack usable reflections, and we explore reasons for these differences through a set of selective stacking approaches. We present techniques to account for the direction the seismic waves travel (directionality) and stationary phase and show that improvements can be made when incorporating these corrections. Although interferometric methods are based on assumptions of large numbers of widely distributed actual sources, we find that selective exclusion of potentially problematic source–receiver pairs can yield improved results. These geometric adjustments to active‐source interferometry methods have utility for dense‐nodal‐array surveys that are now common in academic studies, but that often suffer from sparse source geometry.

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America↗
USGS2022

Seismometer records of ground tilt induced by debris flows

A change in surface loading causes the Earth’s surface to deform. Mass movements, such as debris flows, can cause a tilt large enough to be recorded by nearby instruments, but the signal is strongly dependent on the mass loading and subsurface parameters. Specifically designed sensors for such measurements (tiltmeters) are cumbersome to install. Alternatively, broadband seismometers record translational motion and also tilt signals, often at periods of tens to hundreds of seconds. Their horizontal components are thereby the most sensitive to tilt. In this study, we show how to obtain tilt caused by the passing by of debris flows from seismic measurements recorded within tens of meters of the flow and investigate the usefulness of this signal for flow characterization. We investigate the problem on three scales (1) large‐scale laboratory experiments at the U.S. Geological Survey debris‐flow flume, where broadband seismometers and tiltmeters were installed for six 8 – 10    m 3 "> 8 – 10 m 3 experiments, (2) the Illgraben torrent in Switzerland, one of the most active mass wasting sites in the European Alps, where a broadband seismometer placed within a few meters of the channel recorded 15 debris‐flow events with volumes up to 10 5    m 3 "> 10 5 m 3 ⁠ , and (3) Volcán de Fuego, Guatemala, where a broadband seismometer recorded two lahars. We investigate how the tilt signals compare to debris‐flow parameters such as mean normal stresses, usually measured by expensive force plates, and debris‐flow height. We model the elastic ground deformation as the response of an elastic half‐space to a moving surface load. In addition, we use the model with some simplifications to determine the maximum debris‐flow heights of Volcán de Fuego events, where no force plate measurements are available. Finally, we address how and under what assumptions the relatively affordable and straightforward tilt measurements may be utilized to infer debris‐flow parameters, as opposed to force plates and other complicated instrument setups.

Oregon↗
USGS2023

Comment on “A new decade in seismoacoustics (2010–2022)” by Fransiska Dannemann Dugick, Clinton Koch, Elizabeth Berg, Stephen Arrowsmith, and Sarah Albert

An increase in seismic stations also having microbarographs has led to increased interest in the field of seismoacoustics. A review of the recent advances in this field can be found in Dannemann Dugick et al. (2023) . The goal of this note is to draw the attention of the readers of Dannemann Dugick et al. (2023) to several additional interactions between the solid Earth and atmosphere that have not been classically considered in the field of seismoacoustics. The 15 January 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha‘api eruption produced acoustic gravity waves that were recorded globally. For example, the Lamb wave from this eruption produced early‐arriving and long‐lasting tsunami waves. This eruption also provided globally recorded coupling of atmospheric modes with solid Earth modes, providing another example of the complex interactions that can occur at the boundary between the atmosphere and the solid Earth. Even in the absence of large atmospheric signals, collocated pressure sensors at seismic stations can be a useful tool for estimating the local substructure, such at V S 30 ⁠ , the average shear velocity of the upper 30 m. Finally, at low frequencies, it is possible to use pressure records to correct out atmospheric disturbances recorded on seismometers. We briefly review the aforementioned, nontraditional seismoacoustic topics that we feel are important to consider as part of the full suite of interactions occurring between the solid Earth and atmosphere.

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America↗
USGS2015

Strong-motion observations of the M 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, earthquake sequence and development of the N-shake strong-motion network

We present and describe strong-motion data observations from the 2015 M 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, earthquake sequence collected using existing and new Quake-Catcher Network (QCN) and U.S. Geological Survey NetQuakes sensors located in the Kathmandu Valley. A comparison of QCN data with waveforms recorded by a conventional strong-motion (NetQuakes) instrument validates the QCN data. We present preliminary analysis of spectral accelerations, and peak ground acceleration and velocity for earthquakes up to M 7.3 from the QCN stations, as well as preliminary analysis of the mainshock recording from the NetQuakes station. We show that mainshock peak accelerations were lower than expected and conclude the Kathmandu Valley experienced a pervasively nonlinear response during the mainshock. Phase picks from the QCN and NetQuakes data are also used to improve aftershock locations. This study confirms the utility of QCN instruments to contribute to ground-motion investigations and aftershock response in regions where conventional instrumentation and open-access seismic data are limited. Initial pilot installations of QCN instruments in 2014 are now being expanded to create the Nepal–Shaking Hazard Assessment for Kathmandu and its Environment (N-SHAKE) network.

Seismological Research Letters↗
USGS2017

Improving the Hawaiian seismic network for earthquake early warning

The motivation for earthquake early warning (EEW) is the fact that in many applications a few extra seconds of notice ahead of the about-imminent strong shaking can provide significant benefit. Reducing data latencies, accelerating processing times, and tuning seismic station distributions increase time available for warning. We assess the feasibility of EEW for Hawai‘i and examine how additional stations or upgrades to existing stations can improve warning times. We designed an objective method to identify the most efficient sites for improving an existing seismic network’s coverage, taking both seismic station distribution and seismic hazard into account. The choice of locations for new seismic station sites is informed by improvements in warning time, considering the distribution of seismic hazard and exposure. New sites that improve warning time from earthquakes that are most likely to generate significant ground motions are given preference. This technique may be applied to any seismically active region and target infrastructure in which seismic hazard is spatially defined. We demonstrate this method’s use on the Island of Hawai‘i, with focus on warnings to astronomical observatories on Mauna Kea and island population centers Hilo and Kailua-Kona. We identified 13 candidate sites for new sensors, telemetry upgrades, or new station installations that should provide an additional 1–4 s of warning for the most probable damaging earthquakes in southern Ka‘ū and northern offshore regions in which 2–14 s and <4 s of warning are currently estimated, respectively.

Seismological Research Letters↗
USGS2019

The LArge-n Seismic Survey in Oklahoma (LASSO) experiment

In 2016, the U.S. Geological Survey deployed more than 1,800 vertical-component nodal seismometers in Grant County, Oklahoma to study induced seismic activity associated with production of the Mississippi Limestone Play. The LArge-n Seismic Survey in Oklahoma (LASSO) array operated for approximately one month, covering a 25-km-by-32-km region with a nominal station spacing of ~400 m. Primary goals of the deployment were to detect microseismic events not captured by the sparser regional network stations and to provide nearly unaliased records of the seismic wavefield. A more complete record of earthquakes allows us to map the spatiotemporal evolution of induced event sequences and illuminates the structures on which the events occur. Dense records of the seismic wavefield also provide improved measurements of the earthquake source, including focal mechanisms and stress drops. Taken together, we can use these findings to glean insights into the processes that induce earthquakes. Here, we describe the array layout, features of the nodal sensors, data recording configurations, and the field deployment. We also provide examples of earthquake waveforms recorded by the array to illustrate data quality and initial observations. LASSO array data provide a significant resource for understanding the occurrence of earthquakes induced by wastewater disposal.

Kansas, Oklahoma↗
USGS2020

Goals and development of the Alaska Volcano Observatory Seismic Network and application to forecasting and detecting volcanic eruptions

The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) seismic network has been in operation since 1988 and during this time has grown from 29 to 217 seismic stations providing real-time monitoring of 32 active volcanoes in Alaska, as well as useful data for regional earthquake monitoring. Since 1988, AVO has detected 59 volcanic eruptions at Aleutian arc volcanoes, and 31 of these have been captured by local seismic instrumentation. As part of this monitoring effort, AVO has cataloged more than 120,000 earthquake hypocenters and magnitudes associated with volcanic processes throughout the arc. This high rate of volcanic activity provides an excellent opportunity to study seismicity associated with magmatic and eruptive processes and develop and refine analytical techniques to track volcanic seismicity and warn of hazardous eruptions. The network is currently undergoing an extensive upgrade, replacing aging short-period analog seismometers with digital broadband instruments. These are expected to improve AVO’s seismic capability and further facilitate other geophysical instrumentation such as continuous Global Positioning System receivers, infrasound sensors, and web cams.

Seismological Research Letters↗
USGS2020

Installation and performance of the Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory small-aperture posthole array

The Global Seismographic Network (GSN) has been used extensively by seismologists to characterize large earthquakes and image deep earth structure. Although the network’s original design goals have been met, the seismological community has suggested that the incorporation of small-aperture seismic arrays at select sites may improve performance of the network and enable new observations. As a pilot study for this concept, we have created a 500 m aperture, nine-element broadband seismic array around the GSN station ANMO (Albuquerque, New Mexico) at the U.S. Geological Survey Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory (ASL). The array was formed by supplementing the secondary borehole seismometer (90 m depth) at ANMO with eight additional 2.6 m posthole sites. Each station’s seismometer was oriented using a fiber optic gyroscope to within 2.0° of north. Data quality, particularly on the vertical components, is excellent with median power levels closely tracking the secondary sensor at ANMO at frequencies lower than 1 Hz. Horizontal component data are more variable at low frequencies (< 0:02 Hz), with the type of installation and local geography appearing to strongly influence the amount of tilt-induced noise. Throughout the article, we pose several fundamental questions related to the variability and precision of seismic wavefield measurements that we seek to address with data from this array. In addition, we calculate the array response and show a few examples of using the array to obtain back azimuths of a local event and a continuous narrowband noise source. The apparent velocity of the event across the array is then used to infer the local P-wave velocity at the ASL. Near real-time data collected from the array along with collocated meteorological, magnetic, and infrasound data are freely available in near-real time from the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology Data Management Center.

New Mexico↗
USGS2020

Recording the aurora borealis (northern lights) at seismometers across Alaska

We examine three continuously recording data sets related to the aurora: all‐sky camera images, three‐component magnetometer data, and vertical‐component, broadband seismic data as part of the EarthScope project (2014 to present). Across Alaska there are six all‐sky cameras, 13 magnetometers, and &gt; 200 "> > 200 >200 seismometers. The all‐sky images and magnetometers have the same objective, which is to monitor space weather and improve our understanding of auroral activity, including the influence on magnetic fields in the ground. These variations in the magnetic field are also visible on seismometers, to the extent that during an auroral event, the long‐period (40–800 s) waves recorded by a seismometer are magnetic field variations, not true ground motion. Although this is a problem—one that can be rectified with magnetic shielding at each seismometer site—it is also an opportunity because the present seismic array in Alaska is much broader than the coverage by magnetometers and all‐sky cameras. Here we focus on three aurora events and document a direct link between aurora images in the night sky and seismometer recordings on ground. Simultaneous recordings by magnetometers provide a critical link between the sky images and the seismometer recordings. We document qualitative correlations among sky, magnetic, and seismic data. The findings suggest that the signature of auroral activity is widespread across seismometers in Alaska, implying that the seismic array could be used to enhance the spatial resolution of the existing network of all‐sky cameras and magnetometers. Future efforts to improve the multisensor seismic stations in Alaska, for the purpose of monitoring seismic and auroral activity, should consider installation of all‐sky cameras, installation of magnetometers, and magnetic shielding of seismic sensors.

Alaska↗