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USGS · sim3035

Geologic map of the Fredonia 30' x 60' quadrangle, Mohave and Coconino counties, northern Arizona

Abstract

This geologic map is the result of a cooperative effort of the U.S. Geological Survey, the National Park Service, the U.S. Forest Service, and the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the Kaibab-Paiute Tribe to provide a regional geologic database for resource management officials of all government and agencies, city municipalities, private enterprises, and individuals of this part of the Arizona Strip. The Arizona Strip is part of northwestern Arizona north of the Colorado River and bounded by the States of Nevada and Utah. Field work on the Kaibab-Paiute Indian Reservation was conducted from 2002 to 2005 with permission from the Kaibab-Paiute Tribal Government of that administration and permission was granted to publish a geologic map of 4 quadrangles online (Billingsley and others, 2004). The Kaibab-Paiute Tribal government of 2006 to 2008 requested that all geologic information within the Kaibab-Paiute Indian Reservation not be published as part of the Fredonia 30' x 60' quadrangle (this publication). For further information, contact the Kaibab-Paiute Tribal government at HC 65 Box 2, Fredonia, Arizona, 86022, telephone # (928) 643-7245. Visitors to the Kaibab-Paiute Indian Reservation are required to obtain a permit and permission for access from the Tribal Offices at the junction of State Highway 389 and the paved road leading to Pipe Spring National Monument. The Fredonia 30' x 60' quadrangle encompasses approximately 5,018 km2 (1,960 mi2) within Mohave and Coconino Counties, northern Arizona and is bounded by longitude 112 deg to 113 deg W., and latitude 36 deg 30' to 37 deg N. The map area lies within the southern Colorado Plateaus geologic province (herein Colorado Plateau). The map area is locally subdivided into seven physiographic parts: the Grand Canyon (Kanab Canyon and its tributaries), Kanab Plateau, Uinkaret Plateau, Kaibab Plateau, Paria Plateau, House Rock Valley, and Moccasin Mountains as defined by Billingsley and others, 1997, (fig. 1). Elevations range from 2,737 m (8,980 ft) just west of State Highway 67 on the Kaibab Plateau, southeast corner of the map area to about 927 m (3,040 ft) in Kanab Canyon, south-central edge of the map area.

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90° N90° S · 180° W ← longitude → 180° E
Source-reported bounding extent: 36.5° to 37° latitude; -113° to -112° longitude. This indicates report coverage, not an exact sampling location. View area on OpenStreetMap.

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BibTeXRIS

George H. Billingsley, Susan S. Priest, Tracey J. Felger. 2008. Geologic map of the Fredonia 30' x 60' quadrangle, Mohave and Coconino counties, northern Arizona. https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3035

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Map depicting locations susceptible to landslide hazards triggered by prolonged intense rainfall, Utuado Municipio, Puerto Rico

Introduction Landslides commonly occur in Puerto Rico during or soon after rainstorms with prolonged intense rainfall. Rainfall-triggered landslides present significant hazards to the built environment and human safety (for example, Jibson, 1986; Larsen and Torres Sanchez, 1992; Bessette-Kirton and others, 2019a). These hazards were illustrated during September 2017 (Hughes and others, 2019) when Hurricane María triggered more than 70,000 landslides across Puerto Rico (fig. 1), causing loss of life and widespread destruction (figs. 2–4). In Utuado Municipio, about 18,000 landslides were observed after Hurricane María (Hughes and others, 2019). Most intense rainfall-triggered landslides in Puerto Rico occur in soil overlying bedrock and travel downslope from where they initiate (for example, Jibson, 1986; Bessette-Kirton and others, 2019a, 2020). Hazards to human life and infrastructure can differ substantially between where landslides initiate and where they travel. At landslide initiation locations, the ground breaks up (fails) as it moves downslope, removing support for buildings, roadways, and other structures located upon the landslides (fig. 3A, B). This ground failure often causes structures to collapse and suffer severe damage or complete destruction, rendering building occupants at extreme risk. Roadways and other vital infrastructure, such as water, power, and communication lines, are often severed. During intense rainfall events, landslide initiation and movement downslope can occur in seconds to hours. Downslope from where they initiate, landslides in Puerto Rico often move very rapidly (faster than a person can walk or run) and can impact and destroy or fill structures with mud and debris (fig. 4) as well as bury roadways (fig. 3A, C). Moving landslides present extreme hazards to human safety; some fatalities during Hurricane María resulted from mud and debris that flowed through windows and doors of a home and buried occupants. Many landslides in Puerto Rico become fast-moving liquefied masses (debris flows), which are especially common in channels where they can quickly travel kilometers downstream. Multiple debris flows may occur in a channel during a single rainstorm (some channels experienced more than 50 debris flows during Hurricane María; Bessette-Kirton and others [2020] ). This hazard map separately depicts locations and the relative likelihood of where landslides may initiate, where they may move downslope, and where channelized debris flows may travel during or soon after intense rainfall like that during Hurricane María. An estimated average of 399 millimeters of rainfall fell across Utuado during September 19–21, 2017 (Ramos-Scharrón and Arima, 2019). Lower rainfall amounts, durations, and intensities also trigger landsliding in Puerto Rico, although landslides and debris flows become more numerous as rainfall intensities, durations, and cumulative amounts increase. The map does not show potential landslide locations in the karst terrain of northern Utuado (Bawiec, 1999) because Hurricane María-induced landslides were very sparse in this region (Hughes and others, 2019; Baxstrom and others, 2021a), even though rainfall amounts were similar to those in other parts of Utuado. Based on data from Hughes and others (2019), landslides were about 10 times more likely to occur outside of the karst terrane than within it, and our preliminary analyses indicated relatively low susceptibility to rainfall-induced landslide hazards within the karst. Landslide-prone soils appear to be poorly developed on the very steep slopes present in the karst region, where weathering by dissolution appears to dominate.

Puerto Rico, Utuado Municipio↗

Map depicting locations susceptible to landslide hazards triggered by prolonged intense rainfall, Naranjito Municipio, Puerto Rico

Introduction Landslides commonly occur in Puerto Rico during or soon after rainstorms with prolonged intense rainfall. Rainfall-triggered landslides present significant hazards to the built environment and human safety (for example, Jibson, 1986; Larsen and Torres Sanchez, 1992; Bessette-Kirton and others, 2019a). These hazards were illustrated during September 2017 (Hughes and others, 2019), when Hurricane María triggered more than 70,000 landslides across Puerto Rico (fig. 1), causing loss of life and widespread destruction (figs. 2–4). In Naranjito Municipio, about 2,000 landslides were observed after Hurricane María (Hughes and others, 2019). Most intense-rainfall-triggered landslides in Puerto Rico occur in soil overlying bedrock and travel downslope from where they initiated (for example, Jibson, 1986; Bessette-Kirton and others, 2019a; 2020). Hazards to human life and infrastructure can differ substantially between where landslides initiate and where they travel. At landslide initiation locations, the ground breaks up (fails) as it moves downslope, removing support for buildings, roadways, and other structures located upon the landslides (figs. 3B, 4A, B). This ground failure often causes structures to collapse and suffer severe damage or complete destruction, rendering building occupants at extreme risk. Roadways and other vital infrastructure, such as water, power, and communication lines are often severed. During intense rainfall events, landslide initiation and movement downslope can occur in seconds to hours. Downslope from where they initiate, landslides in Puerto Rico often move, or runout, very rapidly (faster than a person can walk or run) and can impact and destroy or fill structures with mud and debris (figs. 3A, 4A, C) as well as bury roadways (fig. 4A). Moving landslides present extreme hazards to human safety; some fatalities during Hurricane María resulted from mud and debris that flowed through windows and doors of a home and buried occupants. Many landslides in Puerto Rico become fast-moving debris flows, which are especially common in channels where they can quickly travel kilometers downstream. Multiple debris flows may occur in a channel during a single rainstorm (some channels experienced more than 50 debris flows during Hurricane María; Bessette-Kirton and others, 2020). This map separately depicts locations and the relative likelihood of where landslides may initiate, where they may move downslope, and where channelized debris flows may travel during or soon after intense rainfall like that during Hurricane María. An estimated average of 529 millimeters of rainfall fell across Naranjito during September 19–21, 2017 (Ramos-Scharrón and Arima, 2019). Lower rainfall amounts, durations, and intensities also trigger landsliding in Puerto Rico, although landslides and debris flows become more numerous as rainfall intensities, durations, and cumulative amounts increase.

Naranjito Municipio, Puerto Rico↗

Map depicting locations susceptible to landslide hazards triggered by prolonged intense rainfall, Lares Municipio, Puerto Rico

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Lares Municipio, Puerto Rico↗