Geochemical characterization of natural gases in the pre-salt section of the Santos Basin (Brazil) focused on hydrocarbons and volatile organic sulfur compounds

Igor V. A. F. Souza; Geoffrey S. Ellis; Alexandre A. Ferreira; Jarbas V. P. Guzzo; Rut A. Diaz; Ana Luiza S. Albuquerque; Alon Amrani

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2022.105763

USGS · 70232391

Geochemical characterization of natural gases in the pre-salt section of the Santos Basin (Brazil) focused on hydrocarbons and volatile organic sulfur compounds

Igor V. A. F. Souza·Geoffrey S. Ellis·Alexandre A. Ferreira·Jarbas V. P. Guzzo·Rut A. Diaz·Ana Luiza S. Albuquerque·Alon Amrani

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Abstract

The objective of this work is to characterize the geochemistry of a suite of natural gas samples from five fields in order to improve the understanding of the lacustrine petroleum system of the pre-salt section from the Santos Basin (Brazil). Additionally, the distribution of volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSC) in petroleum reservoirs was examined to investigate possible applications to petroleum systems assessments. The hydrocarbon gases were generated by thermogenic processes associated with the oil window. The 13 C-enriched values for C 1 (>−40‰) were interpreted as an organic source signature rather than an indication of thermal maturity, except for the oil occurrence (Field B), where a different fluid charge mainly composed of methane and CO 2 from a minor external kitchen area in the Santos Basin was identified. The molecular composition and the carbon and hydrogen isotopic data of the hydrocarbon gases, when combined with the VOSC molecular compositional data, allow the identification of four gas families associated with different kitchens and/or migrations pathways. The total VOSC concentrations range from 0.7 to 23.9 ppm by volume (ppmV). The organic sulfides are mainly composed of carbonyl sulfide (COS) and diethyl sulfide. The main thiol compound is ethanethiol. The cyclic VOSC are primarily composed of thiophene, with a negligible amount of branched thiophenes (<0.1 ppmV). H2S showed a strong positive Pearson's correlation with COS and methanethiol (MeSH) concentrations (r = 0.943 and 0.807, respectively). This suggests that COS and MeSH formation was linked to H 2 S generation and/or post-catagenetic interactions between hydrocarbons and H 2 S, mainly related to thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR). In contrast, the distribution of higher molecular weight VOSC seems to be controlled by source rock facies, rather than H 2 S concentration. Principal component analysis of the VOSC compositional data identified some subgroups within the gas families mainly associated with TSR. The results presented in this work reveal that VOSC can be an important auxiliary tool in petroleum system studies.

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Source-reported bounding extent: -29.554345125748267° to -23.60426184707018° latitude; -47.35107421875° to -40.49560546875° longitude. This indicates report coverage, not an exact sampling location. View area on OpenStreetMap.

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Igor V. A. F. Souza, Geoffrey S. Ellis, Alexandre A. Ferreira, Jarbas V. P. Guzzo, Rut A. Diaz, Ana Luiza S. Albuquerque, Alon Amrani. 2022. Geochemical characterization of natural gases in the pre-salt section of the Santos Basin (Brazil) focused on hydrocarbons and volatile organic sulfur compounds. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2022.105763

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