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USGS · 70039386

Tables of geographic positions, azimuths, and distances, together with lists of barometric altituudes, magnetic declinations, and itineraries of important routes, from data gathered by parties of the United States Geographical Surveys west of the 100th meridian, operating in the States and Territories of California, Colorado, Nebraska, Nevada, Oregon, Arizona, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, and Wyoming, 1883

Abstract

Through the following tables there are presented, in accessible form, such portions of the more important numerical results of this Survey, from the year 1873 to 1879, inclusive, as it has been found neeessar, to compute pari passu with the plottings made from the field notes, together with such additional determinations as may have been required in the construction of the final atlas sheets. The speed with which results were demanded and produced during the years that field observations were in progress, and the subsequent paucity in office assistance, have rendered it impossible to exhaust the subject under any one of the headings found in the contents. Such results, however, as would seem to be of the greatest general interest and usefulness have been collected in this volume, which is submitted to take a place among the miscellaneous publications of the Survey, wherein its importance will correspond in a measure to the number of positions, elevations, distances, &c. (of which there are many), not hitherto in print.

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90° N90° S · 180° W ← longitude → 180° E
Source-reported bounding extent: 25.833333333333332° to 49° latitude; -124.8° to -100° longitude. This indicates report coverage, not an exact sampling location. View area on OpenStreetMap.

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Montgomery Meigs Macomb, George Montague Wheeler. 1885. Tables of geographic positions, azimuths, and distances, together with lists of barometric altituudes, magnetic declinations, and itineraries of important routes, from data gathered by parties of the United States Geographical Surveys west of the 100th meridian, operating in the States and Territories of California, Colorado, Nebraska, Nevada, Oregon, Arizona, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, and Wyoming, 1883. https://doi.org/10.3133/70039386

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Glacier modeling in support of field observations of mass balance at South Cascade Glacier, Washington, USA

The long-term USGS measurement and reporting of mass balance at South Cascade Glacier was assisted in balance years 2006 and 2007 by a new mass balance model. The model incorporates a temperature-index melt computation and accumulation is modeled from glacier air temperature and gaged precipitation at a remote site. Mass balance modeling was used with glaciological measurements to estimate dates and magnitudes of critical mass balance phenomena. In support of the modeling, a detailed analysis was made of the "glacier cooling effect" that reduces summer air temperature near the ice surface as compared to that predicted on the basis of a spatially uniform temperature lapse rate. The analysis was based on several years of data from measurements of near-surface air temperature on the glacier. The 2006 and 2007 winter balances of South Cascade Glacier, computed with this new, model-augmented methodology, were 2.61 and 3.41 mWE, respectively. The 2006 and 2007 summer balances were -4.20 and -3.63 mWE, respectively, and the 2006 and 2007 net balances were -1.59 and -0.22 mWE. PDF version of a presentation on the mass balance of South Cascade Glacier in Washington state. Presented at the American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting 2010.

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