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In situ detection of the Clostridium botulinum type C1 toxin gene in wetland sediments with a nested PCR assay

Judy L. Williamson·Tonie E. Rocke·Judd M. Aiken
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Abstract

A nested PCR was developed for detection of the Clostridium botulinum type C 1 toxin gene in sediments collected from wetlands where avian botulism outbreaks had or had not occurred. The C 1 toxin gene was detected in 16 of 18 sites, demonstrating both the ubiquitous distribution of C. botulinum type C in wetland sediments and the sensitivity of the detection assay.

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Judy L. Williamson, Tonie E. Rocke, Judd M. Aiken. 1999. In situ detection of the Clostridium botulinum type C1 toxin gene in wetland sediments with a nested PCR assay. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.7.3240-3243.1999

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