Geology topics
Research about Michigan
Source-linked reports with geographic coverage including Michigan.
Summary of ground-water hydrological data in Michigan in 1970
The purpose of this report is to make available the records of groundwater levels in principal aquifers of the State through 1970 and to compile other related data, such as records of ground-water pumpage, data on municipal, public and industrial water-supply facilities, and the effects of precipitation on ground-water levels. Records of water levels in areas of heavy pumpage, and in areas where changes are principally from natural influences, are illustrated or tabulated to allow comparison between these types of water- level fluctuations. The water levels and related data provide a day-to-day record for the evaluation of available ground-water supplies. The long-term records serve as a framework to which short-term records may be related. This report is written for those persons, municipalities, industries, institutions, consultants, drillers, and hydrologists interested in the ground-water resources of the State.
A revision of stratigraphic nomenclature for middle precambrian rocks in Northern Michigan
The name Marquette Range Supergroup is proposed to supplant the term Animikie Series for middle Precambrian strata of the Northern Peninsula of Michigan and adjacent areas of Wisconsin. The Marquette Range Supergroup consists of the Chocolay, Menominee, Baraga, and Paint River Groups, as defined in previous literature. We feel that this new name to apply to Northern Peninsula rock units is appropriate, as continued investigations have failed to show unequivocal correlation between middle Precambrian rocks of Michigan and the Huronian Supergroup of Ontario. Although the equivalence of the Animikie Group in Ontario and Minnesota with parts of the Michigan rocks is likely, the Stratigraphic complexity of the Michigan sequence requires supergroup rank. The inherent confusion of an Animikie Group in Ontario and Minnesota, and an Animikie Supergroup in Michigan, makes a local name such as Marquette Range Supergroup preferable to Animikie for the middle Precambrian rocks of Michigan. © 1970, The Geological Society of America, Inc.
Chemical quality of Michigan streams
Concentrations of chemical constituents of Michigan streams exhibit regional patterns that are primarily a function of geology and evapotranspiration. However, in some areas waste disposal by municipal and industrial organizations has altered the natural distribution and concentrations of dissolved material. Concentration and areal distribution of chemical constitutents were found to change very little from high spring to low summer flow conditions.
Reconnaissance of the Pigeon River, a cold-water river in the northcentral part of Michigan's southern peninsula
The cold-water streams of the northern states provide unique recreational values to the American people (wilderness or semi-wilderness atmosphere, fast-water canoeing, and trout fishing), but the expanding recreational needs must be balanced against the growing demand of water for public and industrial supplies, for irrigation, and for the dilution of sewage and other wastes. In order to make intelligent decisions regarding use and management of the water resource for recreation and other demands, an analysis of the hydrologic factors related to recreational values is essential. The Pigeon River is one of Michigan's outstanding trout streams and is the favorite of a large number of anglers who return year after year. Camping is also popular and is usually, but not always, associated with fishing. Boating is very rare on the Pigeon because of numerous portages around log jams. Cabin-living and resorting are relatively minor on this river as yet, but much of the private river front may be developed in future years. The Pigeon is located in the north-central part of the southern peninsula of Michigan (see index map). Headwaters are a few miles northeast of Gaylord, and the mouth is at Mullet Lake, a few miles northeast of Indian River. Interstate Highway 75 roughly parallels the river about 5 to 10 miles to the west. Exits from this highway at Gaylord, Vanderbilt, Wolverine, and Indian River, provide easy access to the Pigeon. The recreational value of the river depends on the streamflow characteristics, quality of water, and character of stream channel, and bed and banks. The purpose of this atlas is to describe these characteristics, and to show how they relate to recreational uses. Most of the information presented here was obtained from a field reconnaissance in June, 1966, and from basic records of the U.S. Geological Survey's Water Resources Division. The area of field study is limited to the channel, bed, and banks of the main stem of the Pigeon from source to mouth. The study was made in cooperation with the Michigan Geological Survey, Gerald E. Eddy, Chief. Advice and assistance were also obtained from other sections of the Michigan Conservation Department. Sheet 1 of this atlas presents information on streamflow characteristics and water quality. Sheet 2 describes the physical characteristics of the stream channel, and bed and banks, and shows how these physical characteristics relate to streamflow, water quality, and recreational use.
Water resources of the Black River basin, southeastern Michigan
The Black River basin is characterized by flat topography in its central part and by more hilly areas located principally along its boundary. Stream gradients are flat, having slopes of less than 10 feet per mile, except in areas near the basin divide and in isolated areas within the basin.
Water resources of the River Rouge basin, southeastern Michigan
The River Rouge basin is characterized by moderately hilly topography to the northwest graduating to a relatively level land surface to the south east. Stream gradients near the northwestern basin divide are relatively steep; but many become more steep in reaches where they cross beach lines of former glacial lakes. In the lower reaches of the River Rouge gradients lessen.
Summary of ground-water hydrological data in Michigan in 1968
The purpose of this report is to make available the records of groundwater levels in the principal aquifers of the State through 1968 and to compile other related data, such as records of ground-water pumpage, data on municipal, public and industrial water-supply facilities, and the effects of precipitation on ground-water levels. Records of water levels in areas of heavy pumpage and in areas where changes are principally from natural influences are illustrated or tabulated to allow comparison between these types of water-level fluctuations. The water-levels and related data provide a day-to-day record for the evaluation of available ground-water supplies. The long-term records serve as a framework to which short-term records may be related. This report is written for those persons, municipalities, industries, institutions, consultants, drillers and hydrologists interested in the groundwater resources of the State.
Summary of ground-water hydrological data in Michigan in 1969
The purpose of this report is to make available the records of ground-water levels in the principal aquifers of the State through 1969 and to compile other related data, such as records of groundwater pumpage, data on municipal, public and industrial water-supply facilities, and the effects of precipitation on ground-water levels. Records of water levels in areas of heavy pumpage, and in areas where changes are principally from natural influences, are illustrated or tabulated to allow comparison between these types of water-level fluctuations. The water levels and related data provide a day-to-day record for the evaluation of available ground-water supplies. The long-term records serve as a framework to which short-term records may be related. This report is written for those persons, municipalities, industries, institutions, consultants, drillers, and hydrologists interested in the ground-water resources of the State.
Compilation of data for Michigan lakes
Michigan's more than 11,000 lakes are a valuable resource. Primarily, they are used for recreation but many have potential for industrial use and for water supply. Lakes have water surfaces ·that expand and decrease in area, and levels that rise and fall. Records of lakes levels show that lake stages change, have seasonal trends, and may fluctuate several feet each year. Often; these changes affect the use of lakes and cause erosion of their shorelines. It is important, therefore, to monitor lake levels in order to add to their understanding and to provide a basis for increasing their usefulness. In the early 1940's, and in cooperation with the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, a network of lake gages was established in Michigan to observe lake levels. In subsequent years, this network of lake gages was changed to provide a broad areal coverage of lakes in the State, to answer specific requests for data, and to obtain information on a large portion of Michigan's many lakes. These data have been applied primarily in studies involving the design of lake-level control facilities and establishing legal levels for lakes.
A proposed streamflow data program for Michigan
An evaluation of the streamflow data available in Michigan was made to provide guidelines for planning future water resource programs. The basic steps in the evaluation procedure were (1) definition of the long-term goals of the streamflow data program in quantitative form, (2) examination and analysis of all available data to determine which goals have already been met, and (3) consideration of alternate programs and techniques to meet the remaining objectives. It was found that most goals could not be met by regionalization of the data for gaged basins by regression analysis. This fact indicates that few changes can be made in the present program on the basis of computing data by regression formulas. However, regression formulas that include factors not evaluated as a part of this study, may provide a basis for regional streamflow analysis. The evaluation indicated that some changes in the streamgaging network can be made on the basis of length of records already collected. A streamflow data program based on the guidelines developed in this rstudy is proposed for the future.
Water resources of the Belle River basin, southeastern Michigan
This hydrologic atlas represents a part of a comprehensive study of the water resources of southeastern Michigan. The purpose of the atlas is to present data on (1) the physical features of the Belle River and its tributaries, (2) the characteristics of streamflow, (3) the quality of ground and surface waters, and (4) an evaluation of the ground-water potential of the area. The atlas is one in a series of atlases on several river basins in southeastern Michigan.
Water resources of the Pine River Basin, southeastern Michigan
The land surface of the Pine River basin, an area of 194 square miles, is a relatively flat or gently undulating northwest to southeast trending glacial lake plain. The plain is interrupted by small streams and by a series of former glacial lake beaches. Other irregularities are the morainal hills in the headwaters and the morainal areas that form a large part of the basin divide. Altitudes range from 850 feet above mean sea level in the northwest corner of the basin to 578 feet at the mouth of the Pine river. Drainage is not well developed in the basin. Many stream courses are poorly defined, having cut only from 3 to 10 feet below the adjacent plain. For this reason, ditches and drains are necessary to effectively drain parts of the basin. There are a few small scattered ponds, but no lakes within the basin.
Preliminary report on the bedrock geology and copper deposits of the Matchwood quadrangle, Ontonagon County, Michigan
No abstract available.