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S. M. Hindall

Publications and source records attributed to S. M. Hindall.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
USGS1991

Temporal trends in fluvial-sediment discharge in Ohio, 1950-1987

Long-term fluvial-sediment records of annual suspended-sediment discharge data are available for eight daily suspended-sediment stations operated in Ohio. Graphical and statistical analyses of long-term sediment records indicate that, in general, no long-term (>3- to 5-year) trends are readily apparent in the relation between annual mean suspended-sediment discharge and water discharge in Ohio; however, some short-term, year-to-year changes in that relation occur for Ohio streams. Double-mass curves for five daily suspended-sediment stations and seasonal Kendall analysis of data from eight daily suspended-sediment stations clearly illustrate the lack of any discernible changes in the suspended-sediment-discharge/water-discharge relation or in suspended-sediment concentration for most Ohio streams over the past 36 years. -from Author

Journal of Soil and Water Conservation↗
USGS1989

National and regional trends in water-well drilling in the United States, 1964-84

Information on national and regional water-well drilling activity is important for water-resource planning and management and for water-related equipment marketing. This report describes a study to analyze drilling trends on the basis of data for selected years from 1964 through 1984. The study focused primarily on the years 1964 and 1980-84 but also included data from 1960. Approximately 397,000 water wells were drilled in the United States in 1984. Seven States, Florida, Texas, New York, Michigan, North Carolina, Virginia, and Ohio, accounted for 39 percent of all the wells drilled in the United States in 1984. Florida led the Nation in drilling activity with 45,600 new wells. The 1984 national drilling total was 2.6 percent greater than the total for 1980 (387,000) and 8.5 percent less than the total for 1964 (434,000). However, these moderate differences do not reflect substantial year-to-year fluctuations that may have occurred during that 20-year period. Qualitative comparisons suggest that drilling activity for a given year is closely related to the number of housing starts for that year. If so, there may have been peaks in drilling activity in 1972 and 1977-78 (corresponding to peaks in housing starts) that are not identified in this study because of a lack of available well-drilling data for those years. Well-drilling data for 1964 and the 1980-84 period probably represent a low to moderate level of drilling activity and, if compared to earlier data, suggest that there has been no substantial growth or decline in the water-well industry as a whole since the 1940's.

Circular↗
USGS1989

Summary of fluvial-sediment studies in Ohio, through 1987

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with other Federal, State, and local agencies, has been collecting fluvial sediment data from Ohio streams since April 1950. This report summarizes the data collected for the period April 1950 through 1987. In addition, trends in annual suspended-sediment discharge in Ohio streams are examined and discussed, and a technique is presented for estimating discharge at ungaged points on Ohio streams. (USGS)

Water-Resources Investigations Report↗
USGS1987

National and regional trends in water-well drilling in the United States, 1964-84

Information on national and regional water well drilling activity is important for water resource planning and management and for water related equipment marketing. A study was conducted to analyze drilling trends on the basis of data for selected years from 1964 through 1984. The study focused primarily on the years 1964 and 1980-84, but also included data from 1960. Approximately 397,000 water wells were drilled in the United States in 1984. Seven states--Florida, Texas, New York, Michigan, North Carolina, Virginia, and Ohio--accounted for 39% of all the wells drilled in the United States in 1984. Florida led the nation in drilling activity with 45,600 new wells. The 1984 national drilling total was 2.6% > the total for 1980 (387,000) and 8.5% < the total for 1964 (434,000). However, these moderate differences do not reflect substantial year-to-year fluctuations that may have occurred during that 20-yr period. Qualitative comparisons suggest that drilling activity for a given year is closely related to the number of housing starts for that year. If so, there may have been peaks in drilling activity in 1972 and 1977-78 (corresponding to peaks in housing starts) that are not identified in this study because of a lack of available well drilling data for those years. Well drilling data for 1964 and the 1980-84 period probably represent a low to moderate level of drilling activity, and, if compared to earlier data, suggest that there has been no substantial growth or decline in the water well industry as a whole since the 1940's. (Author's abstract)

Open-File Report↗
USGS1986

Water-resources activities in Ohio, 1986 (water fact sheet)

The Ohio District of the Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, provides information on Ohio 's water resources for the overall benefit of the State and the Nation. An integral part of the Survey 's mission is to conduct investigations of the Nation 's land, mineral, and water resources, and to publish and disseminate the information needed to understand, to plan the use of, and to manage these resources. The activities fall into eight broad categories: collection of hydrologic data; water resources investigations and assessments; basic and problem-oriented hydrologic and water related research; acquisition of information useful in predicting and delineating water related natural hazards; coordination of the activities of all Federal agencies in the acquisition of water data, and operation of water information centers; dissemination of data and the results of investigations; provision of scientific and technical assistance in hydrologic studies; and the administration of the State Water Resources Research Institute Program and the National Water Resources Research Grant Program. (Lantz-PTT)

Open-File Report↗
USGS1984

Effects of surface coal-mine reclamation on stream quality in a small watershed near Nelsonville, southeastern Ohio

Abandoned surface coal mines in southeastern Ohio have caused degradation of the area's water resources. A study began in 1981 to determine the effects of abandoned-mine reclamation on water quality in the 'Yost tract' near Nelsonville, Ohio. Data on streamflow, water quality, and sedimentation were collected in Yost Run before, during, and after reclamation of the Yost tract. Results of the study indicate that there has been very little change in the chemical quality of Yost Run 10 months after reclamation; pH remains low, about 3.2-4.1, whereas specific conductance continues to be high, about 1,000 to 2,600 micromhos per centimeter (at 25?) Concentrations of sulfate and dissolved iron also show no appreciable change, remaining about 550 to 1,800 milligrams per liter and 1,300 to 17,000 micrograms per liter, respectively. The suspended-sediment yield for Yost Run is 2,830 tons per square mile per year. The results of the study reflect water-quality conditions for a 10-month period after reclamation, but do not necessarily indicate that the reclamation will prove to be unsuccessful. A longer period of data collection is likely to be needed to measure trends in water quality that may occur as a result of the reclamation.

Water-Resources Investigations Report↗
USGS1980

Sediment yields of New Jersey streams

Sediment data from 76 stream-gaging sites throughout New Jersey indicate that suspended sediment yields in New Jersey streams range from less than 10 tons per square mile per year to about 700 tons per square mile per year. Sixty to 100 percent of the material transported as suspended sediment is finer than 0.062. (USGS)

Open-File Report↗
USGS1980

Sediment deposition in the White River Reservoir, northwestern Wisconsin

The history of deposition in the White River Reservoir was reconstructed from a study of sediment in the reservoir. Suspended-sediment concentrations, particle size, and streamflow characteristics were measured at gaging stations upstream and downstream from the reservoir from November 1975 through September 1977. Characteristics of the sediments were determined from borings and samples taken while the reservoir was drained in September 1976. The sediment surface and the pre-reservoir topography were mapped. Sediment thickness ranged from less than 1 foot near the shore to more than 20 feet in the old stream channel. The original reservoir capacity and the volume of deposited sediment were calculated to be 815 acre-feet and 487 acre-feet, respectively. Sediment size ranged from clay and silt in the pool area to large cobbles and boulders at the upstream end of the reservoir. Analyses of all samples averaged 43 percent sand, 40 percent silt, and 17 percent clay, and particle size typically increased upstream. Cobbles, boulders, and gravel deposits were not sampled. The average density of the deposited sediment was about 80 pounds per cubic foot for the entire reservoir. The reservoir was able to trap about 80 percent of the sediment entering from upstream, early in its history. This trap efficiency has declined as the reservoir filled with sediment. Today (1976), it traps only sand and silt-sized sediment, or only about 20 percent of the sediment entering from upstream. Data collected during this study indicate that essentially all of the clay-sized sediment (<0.062 mm) passes through the reservoir. The gross rate of deposition was 7.0 acre-feet per year over the reservoir history, 1907-76. Rates during 1907-63 and 1963-76 were 7.4 and 5.7 acre-feet per year, respectively, determined by the cesium-137 method. Based on scant data, the average annual sediment yield of the total 279 square mile drainage area above the gaging station at the powerhouse was about 50 tons per square mile. Analysis of the drainage-basin characteristics indicates that most of this sediment was derived from less than 10 percent of the total drainage area and from steep unvegetated streambanks.

Wisconsin↗
USGS1979

Sediment deposition in the White River Reservoir, northwestern Wisconsin

The history of deposition in the White River Reservoir was reconstructed from a study of sediment in the reservoir. Suspended-sediment concentrations, particle size, and streamflow characteristics were measured at gaging stations upstream and downstream from the reservoir from November 1975 through September 1977- Characteristics of the sediments were determined from borings and samples taken while the reservoir was drained in September 1976. The sediment surface and the prereservoir topography were mapped. Sediment thickness ranged from less than 1 foot near the shore to more than 20 feet in the old stream channel. The original reservoir capacity and volume of deposited sediment were calculated to be 815 acre-feet and 487 acre-feet, respectively. Sediment size ranged from clay and silt in the pool area to large cobbles and boulders at the upstream end of the reservoir. Analyses of all samples averaged 43 percent sand, 40 percent silt, and 17 percent clay, and particle size typically increased upstream. Cobbles, boulders, and gravel deposits were not sampled. The average density of the deposited sediments was about 80 pounds per cubic foot for the entire reservoir. The reservoir was able to trap about 80 percent of the sediment entering from upstream early in its history. This trap efficiency has declined as the reservoir filled with sediment. Today (1976) it traps only sand and silt-sized sediment, or only about 20 percent of the sediment entering from upstream. Data collected during this study indicate that essentially all of the clay-sized sediment (<0.062 mm) passes through the reservoir. The gross rate of deposition was 7.0 acre-feet per year over the reservoir history, 1907-76. Rates during 1907-63 and 1963-76 were 7.4 and 5.7 acre-feet per year, respectively, determined by the Cesium-137 method. Based on scant data, the average annual sediment yield of the total 279 square mile drainage area above the gaging station at the powerplant was about 50 tons per square mile. Analysis of the drainage-basin characteristics indicates that most of this sediment was derived from less than 10 percent of the total drainage area and from steep unvegetated streambanks.

Wisconsin↗
USGS1979

Ground-water quality in selected areas of Wisconsin

Analysis of 2,071 ground-water samples from 970 wells throughout Wisconsin indicate large variations in ground-water quality. Ground water in Wisconsin is generally suitable for most uses, but in some areas concentrations of chemical constituents exceed recommended drinking-water standards. Iron, manganese, and nitrate commonly exceed recommended drinking-water standards and dissolved solids, sulfate, heavy metals, and phenolic materials may present local problems. (USGS)

Wisconsin↗
USGS1978

Suspended-sediment transport in the Big Eau Pleine River Basin, central Wisconsin

Suspended-sediment yields in the Big Eau Pleine River basin are low to moderate in comparison with other drainage basins in Wisconsin. Average annual yield in the Big Eau Pleine River near Stratford is 32.tons per square mile, with an annual yield ranging from 1.0 to 64 tons per square mile. Fenwood Creek at Bradley and Freeman Creek at Halder, two smaller tributary basins, have average annual yields of 3.3 and 7.9 tons per square mile, respectively. Suspended-sediment concentrations in the basin ranged from 0 to 960 milligrams per liter, with a median concentration at the Stratford site of 13 milligrams per liter. Ninety percent of the material transported by the streams of the Big Eau Pleine basin is finer than sand and is made up of about equal percentages of silt and clay. A l3-year average of about 9,400 tons per year of suspended sediment is transported to the Big Eau Pleine Reservoir by streamflow and overland flow, whereas about 2,500 tons per year leaves the reservoir in its outflow. Considering only sediment inflow and outflow by streamflow and overland flow, and assuming the 2,500 tons per year is approximately the long-term average, the reservoir trap efficiency would be greater than 70 percent. The actual trap efficiency of the Big Eau Pleine Reservoir probably is somewhat higher than 70 percent because bedload transport of the streams and sediment inflow from shoreline erosion were not measured.

Wisconsin↗
USGS1976

Measurement and prediction of sediment yields in Wisconsin streams

Sediment data of some form have been collected by the U.S. Geological Survey at 118 stream-gaging sites throughout Wisconsin, beginning in 1935. The average concentration of suspended sediment for Wisconsin streams is low in comparison with that of many streams in the United States&mdash;110 milligrams per litre for Wisconsin, as compared with 600 milligrams per litre for 50 percent of the United States (Rainwater, 1962). Enough data have been collected at 84 of the 118 sites to calculate an average annual suspended-sediment yield at those sites. Measured average annual yields range from about 680 tons per square mile (238 tonnes per square kilometre) in the "Driftless Area" to 3.1 tons per square mile (1.1 tonnes per square kilometre) in the Northern Highland province. The average suspended-sediment yield for Wisconsin is about 80 tons per square mile per year (28 tonnes per square kilometre per year). Only three areas in the State may be considered to have a sediment problem. They are sections of the "Driftless Area" of southwestern Wisconsin, the Lake Superior red-clay area, and areas of expanding urbanization in southeastern Wisconsin. Sediment-yield prediction equations have been developed for the Northern Highland province, the Central Plain province, the Eastern Ridges and Lowlands province, and the "Driftless Area" (Martin, 1932 and Thwaites, 1956). These four equations make it possible to predict average annual suspendedsediment yields at any point on about 95 percent of the streams in the State. The prediction technique involves regression equations that relate average annual suspended-sediment yields to factors, such as topography, soils, land use and cover, stream hydraulics, and climatic conditions. The standard error of estimate for these equations, which only represents the accuracy of an estimated sediment yield at an ungaged site, ranges from 28 to 38 percent.

Wisconsin↗