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R. R. Smith

Publications and source records attributed to R. R. Smith.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Apparent digestion coefficients and metabolizable energy of feed ingredients for rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

More than 50 feedstuffs used or of potential use in diets for rainbow trout Oncorhyndus mykiss were compared through metabolism chamber trials. Testing included determination of apparent digestibility and metabolic energy for a wide variety of ingredients, including fish and animal meals, vegetable proteins, and single cell protein products. Testing involved feeding individual 200–300-g fish contained in replicate chambers, from which feces, urine, and gill excreta were collected seg arately and analyzed for residual nitrogen and energy. For comparison, several products previously tested at this or other laboratories were re-evaluated at dietary concentrations of 25, 50, or 100%.

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society↗

Characterization of aerosolized bacteria and fungi from desert dust events in Mali, West Africa

Millions of metric tons of African desert dust blow across the Atlantic Ocean each year, blanketing the Caribbean and southeastern United States. Previous work in the Caribbean has shown that atmospheric samples collected during dust events contain living microbes, including plant and opportunistic human pathogens. To better understand the potential downwind public health and ecosystem effects of the dust microbes, it is important to characterize the source population. We describe 19 genera of bacteria and 3 genera of fungi isolated from air samples collected in Mali, a known source region for dust storms, and over which large dust storms travel.

Aerobiologia↗

Water Resources Data-Washington Water Year 2003

This report includes records on both surface and ground water in the State. The report contains discharge records for 248 stream-gaging stations, stage-only records for 11 stream-gaging stations, discharge measurements for 113 miscellaneous measurement sites, and annual maximum discharge for 4 crest-stage partial-record stations; stage and (or) contents records for 36 lakes and reservoirs; water-quality records for 40 surface-water sites; water-level records for 64 observation wells; and water-quality records for 15 observation wells.

Water Data Report↗

Water resources data, Washington, water year 2001

The Washington Water Science Center of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with State, local, and other Federal agencies, obtains a large amount of data pertaining to the water resources of Washington each water year. These data, accumulated during many water years, constitute a valuable data base for developing an improved understanding of the water resources of the State. To make these data readily available to interested parties outside the Geological Survey, the data are published annually in this report series entitled "Water Resources Data— Washington."

Washington↗

Water resources rata - Washington water year 2002

The Washington Water-Data Report includes records for both surface and ground water in the State. The report contains discharge records for 244 stream-gaging stations, stage only records for 9 gaging stations, discharge measurements for 211 miscellaneous streamflow stations, and annual maximum discharge for 3 crest-stage partial-record streamflow stations; stage and(or) content records for 36 lakes and reservoirs; water-quality records for 40 surface-water sites; water-level records for 25 observation wells; and water quality records for 11 observation wells.

Water Data Report↗

Water resources data, Washington, water year 2000

Water resources data for the 2000 water year for Washington consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage and contents of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels of wells.

Washington↗

Water resources data, Washington, water year 1999

The Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with State, local, and other Federal agencies, obtains a large amount of data pertaining to the water resources of Washington each water year. These data, accumulated during many water years, constitute a valuable data base for developing an improved understanding of the water resources of the State. To make these data readily available to interested parties outside the Geological Survey, the data are published annually in this report series entitled "Water Resources Data—Washington."

Washington↗

Water resources data, Washington, water year 1998

The Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with State, local, and other Federal agencies, obtains a large amount of data pertaining to the water resources of Washington each water year. These data, accumulated during many water years, constitute a valuable data base for developing an improved understanding of the water resources of the State. To make these data readily available to interested parties outside the Geological Survey, the data are published annually in this report series entitled "Water Resources Data Washington."

Washington↗

Water resources data, Washington, water year 1996

The Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with State, local, and other Federal agencies, obtains a large amount of data pertaining to the water resources of Washington each water year. These data, accumulated during many water years, constitute a valuable data base for developing an improved understanding of the water resources of the State. To make these data readily available to interested parties outside the Geological Survey, the data are published annually in this report series entitled "Water Resources Data Washington." This report includes records on both surface and ground water in the State. Specifically, it contains: (1) Discharge records for 225 stream-gaging stations, 29 partial-record or miscellaneous streamflow stations, and 3 crest-stage partial-record streamflow station; (2) stage only records for 2 gaging stations; (3) stage and (or) content records for 34 lakes and reservoirs; (4) water-quality records for 68 stream, canal and drain sites; (5) water-level records for 4 observation wells; and (6) water quality record for 1 observation well. Records included for stream stages and for ground-water levels are only a small fraction of those obtained during the water year. This series of annual reports for Washington began with the 1961 water year with a report that contained only data relating to the quantities of surface water. For the 1964 water year, a similar report was introduced that contained only data relating to water quality. Beginning with the 1975 water year, the report format was changed to present, in one volume, data on quantities of surface water, quality of surface and ground water, and ground-water levels.

Washington↗

Water resources data, Washington, water year 1995

The Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with State, local, and other Federal agencies, obtains a large amount of data pertaining to the water resources of Washington each water year. These data, accumulated during many water years, constitute a valuable data base for developing an improved understanding of the water resources of the State. To make these data readily available to interested parties outside the Geological Survey, the data are published annually in this report series entitled "Water Resources Data Washington."

Washington↗

Water resources data, Washington, water year 1994

The Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with State, local, and other Federal agencies, obtains a large amount of data pertaining to the water resources of Washington each water year. These data, accumulated during many water years, constitute a valuable data base for developing an improved understanding of the water resources of the State. To make these data readily available to interested parties outside the Geological Survey, the data are published annually in this report series entitled "Water Resources Data - Washington."

Washington↗

Water resources data, Washington, water year 1993

Water resources data for the 1993 water year for Washington consist of records, of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels of wells. This report contains discharge records for 220 gaging stations; stage only records for 4 gaging stations; stage and (or) contents for 32 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 30 streamflow-gaging stations, and 7 ungaged streamsites; water levels for 5 observation wells; streamflow for 43 partial-record or miscellaneous streamflow stations, and 1 seepage investigation. Locations of these sites are shown on figures 4a, 4b, 5, 6a, and 6b. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Washington.

Washington↗

Water resources data, Washington, water year 1992

The Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with State, local, and other Federal agencies, obtains a large amount of data pertaining to the water resources of Washington each water year. These data, accumulated during many water years, constitute a valuable data base for developing an improved understanding of the water resources of the State. To make these data readily available to interested parties outside the Geological Survey, the data are published annually in this report series entitled "Water Resources Data - Washington."

Washington↗

Water resources data, Washington, water year 1991

The Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with State, local, and other Federal agencies, obtains a large amount of data pertaining to the water resources of Washington each water year. These data, accumulated during many water years, constitute a valuable data base for developing an improved understanding of the water resources of the State. To make these data readily available to interested parties outside the Geological Survey, the data are published annually in this report series entitled "Water Resources Data - Washington."

Washington↗

Digestibility and energy values of intact, disrupted and extracts from brewer's dried yeast fed to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Although fish meal has historically been used as the primary source of protein in fish feeds, brewer's dried yeast (BDY) is presently being investigated as a primary replacement for fish meal. As little is known about the ability of fish to utilize BDY, studies were conducted to study bioavailability of intact BDY as well as several fractions derived from the disrupted yeast to rainbow trout. Dried BDY was fed to rainbow trout and digestibility and energy values were determined. When the yeast cells were fully disrupted, the absorption of nitrogen increased by more than 20% and the metabolizable energy of the yeast by more than 10%. Energy and nitrogen digestibility were further increased after the removal of all wall material and separation of nitrogen into amino acid and nucleic acid fractions. Disruption of the cell wall significantly increased the nutritional value of BDY for salmonid fishes. The findings suggest that further research be conducted on the use and economy of BDY as a primary nitrogen source in fish feeds.

Animal Feed Science and Technology↗