Geology topics

Jerrald R. Hollowell

Publications and source records attributed to Jerrald R. Hollowell.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

USGS1974

Hydrology of the abandoned coal mines in the Wyoming Valley, Pennsylvania

Mine-water discharge, into the Susquehanna River degrades the river's quality during periods of low flow to a point critical for subsistence of aquatic life. To determine what measures are required to provide a better quality mine-water discharge in the Wyoming Valley, mine hydrology and mine-water quality are related to mine-pool management. The addition of mine-pool outlets at several locations would increase the rate of discharge and reduce interpool flow, which would reduce the total mineral load discharged to the river. Additional outlets would act as relief overflows to reduce the maximum fluctuation of mine-pool levels, decrease related mine-surface instability, and eliminate surface flooding.

Open-File Report↗

USGS1965

Ground water in the alluvium of Otter Creek Basin, Oklahoma

Otter Creek basin comprises 287 square miles in Kiowa, Comanche, and Tillman Counties. The basin is not typical of southwestern Oklahoma in that it includes massive mountains and scattered knobs and peaks of the Wichita Mountains. Alluvium covers much of the southern half of the basin but is restricted to the major tributary valleys in the northern half. The upper part of the alluvium is predominantly silt and clay; the lower part is predominantly very fine to medium sand and has a basal stratum of coarse sand and gravel. The average thickness of the flood-plain deposit is about 37 feet. The flood-plain deposits and terrace deposits in the southern part of the basin occur together in the subsurface as an integral unit. Principal recharge to the flood-plain deposits is through infiltration of precipitation and surface runoff, and through percolation from adjoining aquifers, principally the terrace deposits. Principal discharge from the flood-plain deposits is through seepage into Otter Creek by transpiration by vegetation, and by pumping from wells. The city of Snyder pumps about 200,000 gallons per day (gpd) from the alluvium of East Otter Creek during the winter and spring, and about 400,000 gpd during the summer and fall. Irrigation is concentrated principally on the flood plain common to both Otter Creek and North Fork Red River.

Oklahoma↗

USGS1965

Ground water in the alluvium of Elk Creek basin, Oklahoma

The Elk Creek basin comprises 584 square miles in Washita, Beckham, and Kiowa Counties. The basin is typical of southwestern Oklahoma with nearly level plains broken by gentle rolling hills and low escarpments, except for the extreme southern part, where seven granite and gabbroic knobs and ridges of the Wichita Mountains protrude. The alluvium averages 40 feet in thickness and is restricted to the flood plain of Elk Creek and its major tributaries. The upper part of the alluvium is predominantly silt and clay. The lower part is predominantly very fine to medium sand. The flood plain is bounded by bedrock of Permian age except in T. 5 N. where it is bounded also by sporadic knobs and ridges composed of Precambrian rocks. Recharge to the alluvium is principally through infiltration of precipitation and surface runoff from adjacent highlands, and through percolation from the Quartermaster Formation in the northern part of the basin. Discharge is principally by seepage into the creek and transpiration by vegetation. Discharge by pumpage is small, principally for domestic and stock supply.

Oklahoma↗