Geology topics
J.F. Lowery
Publications and source records attributed to J.F. Lowery.
Water resources data, Tennessee, water year 1988
Water resources data for the 1988 water year for Tennessee consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams and springs; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; water levels and water quality of wells; and quantity and quality of precipitation. This report contains discharge records for 103 gaging stations; stage only records for 6 gaging stations; elevation and contents for 27 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 41 stations and 32 wells; water levels for 32 observation wells; and 1 precipitation station. Also included are 92 crest-stage partial-record stations and 207 low-flow partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various stream and spring sites not involved in the systematic data collection program and are published as miscellaneous measurements and analyses. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Tennessee.
Use and availability of continuous streamflow records in Tennessee
This report documents the results of the data uses and funding part of a study of the cost-effectiveness of the streamflow information program in Tennessee. Presently, 88 continuous surface water gaging stations are operated in Tennessee on a budget of $490,800. Data uses and funding sources are identified for each of the 88 stations. Data from most stations have multiple uses.
Water resources data for Tennessee, water year 1987
Water resources data for the 1987 water year for Tennessee consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams and springs; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; water levels and water quality of wells; and quantity and quality of precipitation. This report contains discharge records for 100 gaging stations; stage only records for 6 gaging stations; elevation and contents for 27 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 37 stations and 149 wells; water levels for 32 observation wells; and 1 precipitation station. Also included are 89 crest-stage partial-record stations and 82 low-flow partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various stream and spring sites not involved in the systematic data collection program and are published as miscellaneous measurements and analyses. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Tennessee.
Water resources data, Tennessee, water year 1982
Water resources data for the 1982 water year for Tennessee consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams and springs; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of wells. This report contains discharge records for 112 gaging stations; stage only records for one lake gaging station; elevation and contents for 28 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 70 stations and 77 wells; and water levels for 30 observation wells. Also included are 126 crest-stage partial-record stations and 23 low-flow partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various stream and spring sites not involved in the systematic data collection program and are published as miscellaneous measurements and analyses, or as seepage investigations of discharge and water quality. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Tennessee.
Installation and sampling of observation wells and analyses of water from the shallow aquifer at selected waste-disposal sites in the Memphis area, Tennessee
Observation wells were installed and sampled at six abandoned waste-disposal sites in the Memphis area that have been identified as having received unknown quantities and types of industrial wastes. These sites are: (1) Bellevue Dump, (2) Brooks Road Dump, (3) Hollywood Dump, (4) Jackson Pit Dump, (5) Millington Dump-Landfill, and (6) Old Ordnance Dump. Ten wells were installed adjacent to and downgradient from these sites in the shallow water-table aquifer. This aquifer is made up chiefly of the alluvium and fluvial (terrace) deposits of Quaternary age, but locally may include sand in the uppermost part of the Jackson Formation and Claiborne Group of Tertiary age. Water samples were collected from these 10 wells and from two other wells in the shallow water-table aquifer at the Hollywood Dump. Most wells were sampled twice --initially in the early summer when water levels were high and again in the fall when water levels were low. Other wells were sampled only once in either summer or fall. The water was analyzed for common constituents, selected trace constituents, and selected organic compounds.
Chemical character of ground water in the shallow water-table aquifer at selected localities in the Memphis area, Tennessee
The City of Memphis depends solely on ground water for its water supply. About 97 percent of inventoried pumpage in the Memphis area, which totaled about 194 Mgal/d in 1979, is from the Memphis Sand. This aquifer generally has been believed to be separated from the shallow water-table aquifer (alluvium and fluvial deposits) by a relatively thick and wide-spread confining bed consisting chiefly of clay. Studies by the Geological Survey in recent decades, however, have indicated that part of the recharge to the Memphis Sand probably is derived by vertical leakage from the shallow water-table aquifer through the confining bed and that locally "windows" of sand exist in the confining bed through which any contaminants in the shallow water-table aquifer could enter the Memphis Sand (See Criner and others, 1964, p. 30; Bell and Nyman, 1968, p. 7-8; Parks and Lounsbury, 1976, p. 26-27). More recently, additional evidence of vertical leakage being a component of recharge to the Memphis Sand was provided during the calibration of a digital computer model of the aquifers in the Memphis area. For this calibration a leakage factor, averaging about 20 percent over the Memphis area, had to be applied to the model in order to simulate known historic water levels in the Memphis Sand (J. V. Brahana, 1980, oral commun. ). This discovery has heightened concern about the possibility of contaminants being in the shallow water table aquifer, and thus, the potentiality for any contaminants to enter the Memphis Sand. Areas where the shallow water-table aquifer is most susceptible to contamination are those that have been or are being used for waste disposal. Historically, Memphis and Shelby County along with private concerns and industries have used dumps and landfills in two geologically and topographically different areas -- the flood plains of nearby streams and abandoned gravel pits in upland areas. These dumps and landfills have received a large variety of wastes including ashes, construction and demolition materials, garbage, rubbish, street refuse, and chemical and industrial wastes. Most of these dumps and landfills were closed in the early 1970's at the beginning of state regulation of waste disposal practices. Nevertheless, leachates from these waste disposal facilities presumably have been and are entering the shallow water-table aquifer.