Hydrologic conditions at Anaktuvuk Pass, Alaska, 1989
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Geology topics
Publications and source records attributed to H.R. Seitz.
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In May 1986, the entrance to Russell Fiord, Alaska, was blocked by the advancing Hubbard Glacier, forming a 34-mile long ice-dammed lake. Runoff to the lake, mainly runoff from melting snow and glacier ice, filled the lake to an elevation of 83 feet above sea level by October 8, when the ice dam failed. The lake level rose at an average rate of 0.6 ft/day, and average daily inflow to the lake was calculated to be 16,500 cu ft/sec. After failure of the ice dam, the water level fell to the former high tide level of Russell Fiord within 24 hours. Average discharge through the breach in the ice dam during a 4-hr period of maximum water level decline is estimated to have been 3.8 million cu ft/sec. The formation and breakout of the lake is expected to be repeated as the Hubbard Glacier continues to advance, though the timing of the phenomenon cannot be predicted with certainty. (USGS)
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The Spokane River leaves the northern end of Coeur d'Alene Lake, flows westward past the cities of Coeur d'Alene and Post Falls, Idaho, through the Spokane Valley, and joins the Columbia River west of Spokane, Wash. Cross-sectional properties and water-quality characteristics were determined for flows of 6,100 to 8,440 cubic feet per second during June 8 to 12; 750 to 1,760 cubic feet per second during August 24 to 27; and 1,790 to 1,630 cubic feet per second during November 3 to 7, 1980. Cross-sectional areas measured ranged from 4,620 square feet to 17,000 square feet. Flow velocities ranged from 2.00 feet per second during June to less than 0.10 foot per second during August and November. Water quality in the reach was generally good. A small increase of total ammonia nitrogen occurred downstream of the Coeur d'Alene sewage-treatment plant. (USGS)