Geology topics

Ennio V. Giusti

Publications and source records attributed to Ennio V. Giusti.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

USGS1978

Hydrogeology of the karst of Puerto Rico

About one-fifth of Puerto Rico is covered by a tropical karst formed on a series of six limestone formations ranging in age from middle-Oligocene to middle Miocene. These formations strike east to west and crop out over the north coast of the island. Structurally, the rocks form a simple wedge abutting southward against a mountain chain of volcanic origin and thickening northward to about 1,400 meters by the seashore. All stages of karstification are present: from the incipient, found at the western end of the belt to the residual, found at the eastern end. Maximum development of sinkholes occurs on the Aguada Limestone and upper part of the Aymanom Limestone. These formations have a CaCO 3 content range from about 85 to 95 percent. The denudation rate of the Limestone belt through solution is computed as 0.70 mm per year with some evidence that abrasion may increase the denudation rate locally by as much as 40 percent.

Puerto Rico↗

USGS1977

Water consumption by nuclear powerplants and some hydrological implications

Published data show that estimated water consumption varies with the cooling system adopted, being least in once-through cooling (about 18 cubic feet per second per 1,000 megawatts electrical) and greatest in closed cooling with mechanical draft towers (about 30 cubic feet per second per 1,000 megawatts electrical). When freshwater is used at this magnitude, water-resources economy may be affected in a given region. The critical need for cooling water at all times by the nuclear powerplant industry, coupled with the knowledge that water withdrawal in the basin will generally increase with time and will be at a maximum during low-flow periods, indicates a need for reexamination of the design low flow currently adopted and the methods used to estimate it. The amount of power generated, the name of the cooling water source, and the cooling method adopted for all nuclear powerplants projected to be in operation by 1985 in the United States are tabulated and the estimated annual evaporation at each powerplant site is shown on a map of the conterminous United States. Another map is presented that shows all nuclear powerplants located on river sites as well as stream reaches in the United States where the 7-day, 10-year low flow is at least 300 cubic feet per second or where this amount of flow can be developed with storage. (Woodard-USGS)

Circular↗

USGS1976

Water resources of the North Coast Limestone area, Puerto Rico

The north-coast limestone area, about 600 square miles, is one of the few sparsely populated parts of Puerto Rico, and is the island 's last large and underdeveloped source of ground water. The area 's limestone aquifers are (from oldest to youngest): the Lares Limestone, the Cibao Formation, the Aguada Limestone, and the Aymamon Limestone. Only between Arecibo and Barceloneta have artesian aquifers (the Montebello Limestone Member of the Cibao Formation, and the upper Lares Limestone) been found. Wells along Highway 2 can be expected to yield a few hundred gpm. Wells in the water-table aquifers can be expected to yield 1,000 gpm in the upper Aymamon Limestone; in the lower Aymamon and Aguada Limestones yields range from 100 to 800 gpm, and in the Cibao Formation and Lares Limestone, from 100 to 200 gpm. (Woodard-USGS)

Water-Resources Investigations Report↗

USGS1971

Water resources of the Coamo area, Puerto Rico

This study, like other similar studies, was made possible by a cooperative water-resources program between the U.S. Geological Survey and the Puerto Rico Water Resources Authority (at the time), representing also the Puerto Rico Aqueduct & Sewer Authority and the Puerto Rico Industrial Development Company. This report covers the hydrologic investigation made in 1967 in the Coamo area, on the south coast of Puerto Rico. The purpose of the investigation was to make a preliminary, intensive reconnaissance of the water resources of the area. Emphasis was on the Coamo fan, which is essentially coextensive with the coastal plain. The scope of the investigation covered the collection, analysis, and interpretation of hydrologic data so as to arrive at a linkage between how much, where, and what type of water is available in relation to the water needs of the area (largely for irrigation). This report is based in good part on the field work of Ralph Gonzalez, hydrologic assistant for the project, who installed and maintained in working order most of the recording instruments and collected most of the field data. We acknowledge the cooperation of Luce & Company, owner or user of most of the water wells in the area. Its personnel guided us to their wells and provided invaluable records on well yield and rainfall.

Coamo↗

USGS1968

Water resources of the Juana Díaz area, Puerto Rico: A preliminary appraisal, 1966

This report is an areal study of a portion of the south coast of Puerto Rico. It follows similar studies of the Guanica, Guayanilla-Yauco, Tallaboa Valley, and Ponce areas to the west and the Jobos area to the east. It basically is an inventory of the water resources during one year. To this extent it carries no long-term information; however, as rainfall data is available for 50 years or so at some sites within the study area, we can make a qualitative estimate of the water resources under more extreme conditions. The purpose of this report, then, is to evaluate the gross hydrologic features of the area for the future management of the water resources.

Juana Díaz↗