Geology topics
D. S. Hansen
Publications and source records attributed to D. S. Hansen.
Records of wells and chemical analyses of ground water in Deuel and Hamlin counties, South Dakota
Well and chemical groundwater data contained in three tables were collected during a 5-year study started in 1971 to determine the geology and water resources of Deuel and Hamlin Counties, South Dakota. Physical, hydrologic, and geologic data for 3,228 wells and test holes have been entered into computer storage in the Ground-Water Site Inventory File of the U.S. Geological Survey 's National Water Data Storage and Retrieval System (WATSTORE). The well tables in the report are computer printouts from WATSTORE. Water quality data from 564 chemical analyses have been stored in the Water-Quality File of WATSTORE and is computer printed in the chemical analyses table by aquifer. (USGS)
Water resources of Hutchinson and Turner counties, South Dakota
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Appraisal of the water resources of the Big Sioux Aquifer, Moody County, South Dakota
The Big Sioux aquifer in Moody County is a 55 sq mi, water table aquifer hydraulically connected to the Big Sioux River. The average thickness is 22 ft and the maximum thickness is 54 ft. A digital model was developed to simulate groundwater flow in the Big Sioux aquifer in Moody County. The model was calibrated for steady-state conditions using average hydrologic conditions from 1970 through 1979. Steady-state simulated water levels from 11 wells averaged 0.4 ft higher than measured water levels. The model was calibrated for transient conditions using 1983 water levels. The average monthly difference in 27 observation wells between simulated and measured water levels was 2.63 ft. Sensitivity analyses showed that recharge rate and evapotranspiration extinction depth had the largest effect on simulated water levels. A 4-inch/year increase in the recharge rate caused simulated water levels to rise 1.7 ft. A 2.5-ft increase in the extinction depth caused simulated water levels to decline 0.8 ft. The calibrated model was used to simulate the effects of three hypothetical hydrologic situations. The first situation simulated the transient effects of 1983 pumpage under severe drought conditions. The second hypothetical situation simulated the steady-state effects of increased pumping at a rate of 5,200 acre-ft/year under average hydrologic conditions. The third hypothetical situation simulated the transient effects of pumping 5,200 acre-ft/year under severe drought conditions. Stored water was not depleted in any nodes after these simulations. (USGS)
Water resources of Lake and Moody counties, South Dakota
The primary sources of surface water in Lake and Moody Counties are the Big Sioux River and its intermittent tributaries, and Lakes Herman, Madison, and Brant. Seasonal variations in streamflow and lake levels are directly related to seasonal variations in precipitation. Dissolved-solids concentration in water from streams and lakes increases as streamflow decreases and lake levels decline. Eight glacial aquifers and four bedrock aquifers were delineated in Lake and Moody Counties. The Big Sioux, North Skunk Creek, Pipestone Creek, Battle Creek, and East Fork Vermillion aquifers are composed of glacial outwash. These aquifers are less than 60 feet below land surface, and are in hydraulic connection with the river or creek of the same name. The Rutland, Ramona, and Howard aquifers are composed of glacial outwash and are overlain by 50 to 470 feet of till. The four bedrock aquifers are the Niobrara, Codell, Dakota, and Quartzite wash. The average thickness of the Big Sioux, Pipestone Creek, North Skunk Creek, Battle Creek, and East Fork Vermillion aquifers ranges from 14 feet for the Battle Creek aquifer to 39 feet for the North Skunk Creek aquifer. The average thickness of the Rutland, Ramona, and Howard aquifers ranges from 18 feet for the Ramona aquifer to 40 feet for the Howard aquifer. Predominant chemical constituents in water from the Big Sioux, North Skunk Creek, and Pipestone Creek aquifers are calcium and bicarbonate. Predominant chemical constituents in the Battle Creek and East Fork Vermillion aquifers are calcium and sulfate. Predominant chemical constituents in water from the Rutland, Ramona, and Howard aquifers are calcium, sulfate and biocarbonate. The average thickness of the four bedrock aquifers ranges from 60 to 400 feet. The aquifers are under artesian conditions. Predominant chemical constituents in water from the Niobrara aquifer are calcium, sodium, and sulfate; from the Codell and Dakota aquifers are sodium and sulfate; and from the Quartzite wash aquifer are calcium, sulfate, and bicarbonate. Water use in 1980 in Lake and Moody Counties was about 2.6 billion gallons. Ninety percent of the water used in the counties was withdrawn from the glacial aquifers and 10 percent was withdrawn from the bedrock aquifers. (USGS)
Water resources of Hanson and Davison Counties, South Dakota
Five glacial and four bedrock aquifers were delineated in Hanson and Davison Counties. The glacial aquifers, outwash deposits confined by as much as 275 feet of glacial till, are the Floyd, Plum Creek, Ethan, Warren, and Alexandria. The bedrock aquifers are the Niobrara, Codell, Dakota, and Sioux Quartzite Wash, and may be as much as 80, 350, 700, and 500 feet below land surface, respectively. The glacial aquifers averaged 13 to 40 feet in thickness and contain about 670,000 acre-feet of water in storage. Recharge to the Floyd and Plum Creek aquifers is from the Sioux Quartzite Wash aquifer and from fractures in the Sioux Quartzite. Recharge to the Ethan and Warren aquifers is from the Niobrara aquifer. Reported yield to wells from the Floyd and Plum Creek aquifers was as much as 1,000 gallons per minute. Predominant chemical constituents in water from the glacial aquifers are sulfate, calcium, and sodium. The bedrock aquifers averaged 40 to 110 feet in the thickness and contain about 11.3 million acre-feet of water in storage. The direction of water movement in the aquifers is to the northeast. The average reported yield from wells in the bedrock aquifers ranged from 1 to 75 gallons per minute. Reported yield from wells in the Niobrara aquifer was as much as 1,000 gallons per minute. Predominant chemical constituents in water from the Niobrara and Codell aquifers were sulfate, sodium, and calcium. Predominant chemical constituents in water from the Dakota and Sioux Quartzite wash were sulfate and calcium.